Barrier Effect of Zinc and Selenium Combined Application on Mercury Accumulation in Rice

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0064

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of combined application of zinc and selenium on the accumulation and transport of mercury in rice in a soil-rice system, and to investigate the barrier effect of combined zinc and selenium application on mercury in rice, and provide a reference for the safe utilization of mercury-contaminated soil. 【Method】 Selecting mercury-contaminated soil in the mining area of Bijiang District, Tongren, Guizhou, having the rice variety Chuankangyou 727 as the research subject, and using pot experiment, we measured the growth and development characteristics of the rice plant, as well as the available mercury in the soil and the mercury content in various organs of rice.【Result】 The simultaneous application of zinc and selenium reduced the available mercury content in the soil by 45% to 75.2%. Alternatively, when low concentrations of selenium and zinc were applied together, the available mercury content in the soil reduced by 75.2%. The application of zinc and selenium in combination resulted in a reduction of mercury levels in different organs of rice plant by 15.2% to 92.3%. The most effective reduction effect was in the mercury content of the grain, with a decrease of 87.6% to 92.3%. Except for the high concentration of selenium and the combination of high and low concentrations of zinc, which promoted the transportation of mercury from the roots to the grains in rice plant, the blocking effect of a zinc-selenium combination on the accumulation and transportation of mercury in the rice plant was better than that of zinc or selenium applied individually. The combination of zinc and selenium reduced the enrichment coefficient of mercury from roots to grains in rice by 88% to 92%. Similarly, when low concentration selenium was combined with both high and low concentrations of zinc, the transportation coefficient of mercury from the roots to the grains in rice plant reduced by 69.2% and 61.5% respectively.【Conclusion】 The combined application of zinc and selenium has a significant blocking effect on mercury in rice, effectively alleviating the toxic effects of mercury on rice growth and development.

Key words: mercury, zinc, selenium, transport coefficient, enrichment coefficient

HUANG Qiu, LIU Jing, QIN Fan-xin, LUO Bang-lin, LUO Lin, LI Wan-yu, XU An-qi. Barrier Effect of Zinc and Selenium Combined Application on Mercury Accumulation in Rice[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(6): 143-151.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Physical and chemical properties of experimental soil

pH	有机质Organic matter /（g·kg^-1）	碱解氮Alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen /（mg·kg^-1）	有效磷Available phosphorus /（mg·kg^-1）	速效钾Available potassium /（mg·kg^-1）	全汞Total mercury / （mg·kg^-1）	有效汞Available mercury/ （μg·kg^-1）	全锌Total zinc/ （mg·kg^-1）	有效锌Ava- ilable zinc / （mg·kg^-1）	全硒Total selenium /（mg·kg^-1）	有效硒Available selenium /（mg·kg^-1）
6.28	42.26	231.00	15.94	69.00	22.38	7.29	109.05	2.91	2.53	0.44

Fig. 1 Effects of different treatments of Zn and Se on soil pH（A）and available Hg, available Zn, and available Se（B） CK: No zinc or selenium added; Z1 and Z2 : single application of low and high zinc（10 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg）, respectively; S1 and S2: single application of low and high selenium（2.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg）, respectively; Z1+S1, Z1+S2, Z2+S1, and Z2+S2: combined application of low high zinc, and low high selenium, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the P<0.05 level between different treatments, the same below

Table 2 Biomass of rice treated with Zn and Se

处理Treatment	株高Plant height/cm	分蘖数Number of tillers	穗数 Spike	产量Yield /（g·plant^-1）
CK	93.43±2.61ab	6±0.35a	5±0.54b	13.61±0.03ab
Z1	106.47±2.2d	6±0.67a	5±0.25b	15.43±0.69cde
Z2	101.97±0.75cd	6±0.25a	4±0.51a	14.33±0.5bc
S1	102.2±2.79cd	6±0.1a	5±0.19b	15.02±0.65bcd
S2	94.13±2ab	6±0.51a	5±0.19b	14.94±1.06bcd
Z1+S1	97.3±4.35bc	6±0.44a	6±0.19c	16.93±0.55e
Z1+S2	90.97±2.89a	6±0.19a	5±0.1b	12.12±1.12a
Z2+S1	99.63±0.8c	7±0.6b	5±0.33b	16.07±1.28de
Z2+S2	91.1±2.48a	7±0.17b	6±0.25c	13.58±1.01ab

Fig. 2 Contents of Hg, Zn, and Se in rice roots（A）, stems（B）, leaves（C）, rice husks（D）, and grains（E）

Fig. 3 Hg transfer coefficients of rice roots to stems（A）, roots to leaves（B）, roots to rice husks（C）, and roots to grains（D）

Fig. 4 Enrichment coefficients of mercury in rice husks（A）, stems（B）, grains（C）, leaves（D）and rice roots（E） The total proportion of pie charts in A, B, D, and E is 6.5%, while C is 1%

Fig. 5 Heat map of correlation between various influencing factors of high and low concentrations of zinc and selenium after single and combined application * and * * respectively indicate significant correlation at the P<0.05 level and extremely significant correlation at the P<0.01 level

References 47

[1]	康天恺. 不同锌肥及施用方法对水稻籽粒产量和锌有效性的影响[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2022.
	Kang TK. Effects of different zinc fertilizer and application methods on grain yield and zinc bioavailability of rice[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2022.
[2]	宋佳媚. 低温胁迫下锌对水稻分蘖生长及恢复的影响[D]. 哈尔滨: 东北农业大学, 2020.
	Song JM. Effects of zinc on rice tiller growth and recovery under low temperature stress[D]. Harbin: Northeast Agricultural University, 2020.
[3]	袁宇飞. Zn、Se对Hg胁迫下小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2011.
	Yuan YF. Effects of Zn on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat under Hg stress[D]. Tai'an: Shandong Agricultural University, 2011.
[4]	Liu T, Man Y, Li P, et al. A hydroponic study on effect of zinc against mercury uptake by Triticale: kinetic process and accumulation[J]. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 2022, 108(2): 359-365.
[5]	Cong WX, Li N, Miao YL, et al. DNA hypomethylation-associated transcriptional rewiring enables resistance to heavy metal mercury(Hg)stress in rice[J]. J Hazard Mater, 2024, 461: 132649.
[6]	Hossain KFB, Hosokawa T, Saito T, et al. Zinc-pretreatment triggers glutathione and Nrf2-mediated protection against inorganic mercury-induced cytotoxicity and intrinsic apoptosis in PC12 cells[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2021, 207: 111320.
[7]	Moulick D, Santra SC, Ghosh D. Effect of selenium induced seed priming on arsenic accumulation in rice plant and subsequent transmission in human food chain[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2018, 152: 67-77.
[8]	张璐. 土壤—水稻系统硒汞交互作用机制研究[D]. 重庆: 西南大学, 2016.
	Zhang L. Interaction mechanism of selenium and mercury in soil-rice system[D]. Chongqing: Southwest University, 2016.
[9]	高阿祥, 周鑫斌, 张城铭. 硒(IV)预处理下根表铁膜对水稻幼苗吸收和转运汞的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2017, 54(4): 989-998.
	Gao AX, Zhou XB, Zhang CM. Effect of iron plaque on root on uptake and translocation of mercury in rice seedlings treated with selenium(IV)[J]. Acta Pedol Sin, 2017, 54(4): 989-998.
[10]	徐灿灿, 孙达, 王根荣, 等. 富里酸结合叶面硒肥用于油菜修复低汞污染农田土壤[J]. 环境工程, 2019, 37(7): 199-203.
	Xu CC, Sun D, Wang GR, et al. Accumulation of mercury from slightly contaminated farmland soil by rape with addition of fulvic acid and foliar spraying with selenium[J]. Environ Eng, 2019, 37(7): 199-203.
[11]	Manivannan N, Subirana MA, Boada R, et al. Mercury speciation in selenium enriched wheat plants hydroponically exposed to mercury pollution[J]. Sci Rep, 2023, 13(1): 21132.
[12]	Wang YJ, Dang F, Zhao JT, et al. Selenium inhibits sulfate-mediated methylmercury production in rice paddy soil[J]. Environ Pollut, 2016, 213: 232-239.
[13]	Wang YJ, Dang F, Evans RD, et al. Mechanistic understanding of MeHg-Se antagonism in soil-rice systems: the key role of antagonism in soil[J]. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 19477. doi: 10.1038/srep19477 pmid: 26778218
[14]	Gao M, Zhou J, Liu HL, et al. Foliar spraying with silicon and selenium reduces cadmium uptake and mitigates cadmium toxicity in rice[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2018, 631-632: 1100-1108.
[15]	呼艳姣. 汞胁迫对水稻毒性临界值研究[D]. 贵阳: 贵州师范大学, 2023.
	Hu YJ. Study on the critical values of toxicity of mercury stress to rice[D]. Guiyang: Guizhou Normal University, 2023.
[16]	鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000.
	Bao SD. Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis[M]. 3rd ed. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000.
[17]	黄玉芬, 王果, 刘坤, 等. 酸性土壤有效汞提取方法研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2012, 31(8): 1566-1570.
	Huang YF, Wang G, Liu K, et al. Extraction method for available mercury in acid soils[J]. J Agro Environ Sci, 2012, 31(8): 1566-1570.
[18]	Li YY, Li H, Li YF, et al. Evidence for molecular antagonistic mechanism between mercury and selenium in rice(Oryza sativa L.): a combined study using 1, 2-dimensional electrophoresis and SR-XRF techniques[J]. J Trace Elem Med Biol, 2018, 50: 435-440.
[19]	Gechev T, Petrov V. Reactive oxygen species and abiotic stress in plants[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2020, 21(20): 7433.
[20]	Wani KI, Naeem M, Castroverde CDM, et al. Molecular mechanisms of nitric oxide(NO)signaling and reactive oxygen species(ROS)homeostasis during abiotic stresses in plants[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(17): 9656.
[21]	Akhtar N, Khan S, Rehman SU, et al. Synergistic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles and bacteria reduce heavy metals toxicity in rice(Oryza sativa L.) plant[J]. Toxics, 2021, 9(5): 113.
[22]	薛欣月, 于雪然, 刘晓刚, 等. 水稻锌吸收、转运、累积机理研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(4): 29-43. doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2020-1484
	Xue XY, Yu XR, Liu XG, et al. Research progress in absorption, transportation and accumulation mechanism of zinc in rice[J]. Biotechnol Bull, 2022, 38(4): 29-43.
[23]	叶廷红, 张赓, 李小坤. 水稻锌营养及锌肥高效施用研究进展[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2019(6): 1-6.
	Ye TH, Zhang G, Li XK. Research advance of zinc nutrition and efficient application of zinc fertilizer in rice[J]. Soil Fertil Sci China, 2019(6): 1-6.
[24]	Sturikova H, Krystofova O, Huska D, et al. Zinc, zinc nanoparticles and plants[J]. J Hazard Mater, 2018, 349: 101-110. doi: S0304-3894(18)30040-2 pmid: 29414741
[25]	Noulas C, Tziouvalekas M, Karyotis T. Zinc in soils, water and food crops[J]. J Trace Elem Med Biol, 2018, 49: 252-260. doi: S0946-672X(17)30838-6 pmid: 29472130
[26]	王梦柯. 不同外源硒吸收及木质部和韧皮部转运的差异[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2019.
	Wang MK. Difference of uptake, xylem-and phloem-mediated transport of differentselenium species[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2019.
[27]	呼艳姣, 陈美凤, 强瑀, 等. 镉胁迫下锌硒交互作用对水稻镉毒害的缓解机制[J]. 生物技术通报, 2022, 38(4): 143-152. doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2021-1127
	Hu YJ, Chen MF, Qiang Y, et al. Alleviation mechanisms of zinc-selenium interaction on the cadmium toxicity in rice under cadmium stress[J]. Biotechnol Bull, 2022, 38(4): 143-152.
[28]	Barker AV, Pilbeam DJ. Handbook of plant nutrition[M]. 2nd edition. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2015.
[29]	Ulhassan Z, Ali Gill R, Huang HF, et al. Selenium mitigates the chromium toxicity in Brassicca napus L. by ameliorating nutrients uptake, amino acids metabolism and antioxidant defense system[J]. Plant Physiol Biochem, 2019, 145: 142-152.
[30]	Tran TAT, Zhou F, Yang WX, et al. Detoxification of mercury in soil by selenite and related mechanisms[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2018, 159: 77-84.
[31]	Wu ZC, Xu SJ, Shi HZ, et al. Comparison of foliar silicon and selenium on cadmium absorption, compartmentation, translocation and the antioxidant system in Chinese flowering cabbage[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2018, 166: 157-164.
[32]	Qin XM, Nie ZJ, Liu HE, et al. Influence of selenium on root morphology and photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat under cadmium stress[J]. Environ Exp Bot, 2018, 150: 232-239.
[33]	陈美凤. 锌硒对镉胁迫水稻生长及镉积累的影响[D]. 贵阳: 贵州师范大学, 2021.
	Chen MF. Effects of zinc and selenium on growth and cadmium accumulation of rice under cadmium stress[D]. Guiyang: Guizhou Normal University, 2021.
[34]	薛明月. 硒锌配施对土壤硒、锌生物有效性的影响及其机制[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2020.
	Xue MY. Effects of selenium combined with zinc amendment on selenium and zinc bioavailability in soil and mechanisms[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2020.
[35]	刘梦圆, 孙亚飞, 周立旻, 等. 硒和生物炭联合施用降低稻米甲基汞累积的研究[J]. 地球与环境, 2022, 50(3): 340-346.
	Liu MY, Sun YF, Zhou LM, et al. Effects of the co-applications of selenium and biochar on methylmercury accumulation in rice[J]. Earth Environ, 2022, 50(3): 340-346.
[36]	Tang WL, Dang F, Evans D, et al. Understanding reduced inorganic mercury accumulation in rice following selenium application: Selenium application routes, speciation and doses[J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 169: 369-376. doi: S0045-6535(16)31622-8 pmid: 27886539
[37]	Li YF, Zhao JT, Li YY, et al. The concentration of selenium matters: a field study on mercury accumulation in rice by selenite treatment in Qingzhen, Guizhou, China[J]. Plant Soil, 2015, 391(1): 195-205.
[38]	Tran TAT, Dinh QT, Cui ZW, et al. Comparing the influence of selenite(Se⁴⁺)and selenate(Se⁶⁺)on the inhibition of the mercury(Hg)phytotoxicity to pak choi[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2018, 147: 897-904.
[39]	Li YY, Zhao JT, Zhang BW, et al. The influence of iron plaque on the absorption, translocation and transformation of mercury in rice(Oryza sativa L.) seedlings exposed to different mercury species[J]. Plant Soil, 2016, 398(1): 87-97.
[40]	Zhou XB, Li YY. Effect of iron plaque and selenium on mercury uptake and translocation in rice seedlings grown in solution culture[J]. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2019, 26(14): 13795-13803.
[41]	Guo P, Du HX, Wang DY, et al. Effects of mercury stress on methylmercury production in rice rhizosphere, methylmercury uptake in rice and physiological changes of leaves[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2021, 765: 142682.
[42]	张涵彤, 何巧, 倪妍霞, 等. 锌对水稻幼苗镉积累及抗氧化系统的影响研究[J]. 农产品质量与安全, 2019(1): 55-61.
	Zhang HT, He Q, Ni YX, et al. Study on effect of zinc on cadmium accumulation and antioxidant system in rice seedlings[J]. Qual Saf Agro Prod, 2019(1): 55-61.
[43]	Tang ZY, Fan FL, Deng SP, et al. Mercury in rice paddy fields and how does some agricultural activities affect the translocation and transformation of mercury - A critical review[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2020, 202: 110950.
[44]	周鑫斌, 于淑慧, 王文华, 等. 土壤施硒对水稻根表铁膜形成和汞吸收的影响[J]. 西南大学学报: 自然科学版, 2014, 36(1): 91-95.
	Zhou XB, Yu SH, Wang WH, et al. Effects of application of selenium in soil on the formation of root surface iron plaque and mercury uptake by rice plants[J]. J Southwest Univ Nat Sci Ed, 2014, 36(1): 91-95.
[45]	Jia HF, Song ZP, Wu FY, et al. Low selenium increases the auxin concentration and enhances tolerance to low phosphorous stress in tobacco[J]. Environ Exp Bot, 2018, 153: 127-134.
[46]	Zhao YY, Hu CX, Wang X, et al. Selenium alleviated chromium stress in Chinese cabbage(Brassica campestris L. ssp. Pekinensis)by regulating root morphology and metal element uptake[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2019, 173: 314-321.
[47]	Malheiros RSP, Costa LC, Ávila RT, et al. Selenium downregulates auxin and ethylene biosynthesis in rice seedlings to modify primary metabolism and root architecture[J]. Planta, 2019, 250(1): 333-345. doi: 10.1007/s00425-019-03175-6 pmid: 31030327