miR-155研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0331

摘要/Abstract

摘要： microRNAs（miRNAs）是进化上保守且广泛存在于真核生物中的一类非编码单链小RNA,大小约为19-25个核苷酸,主要通过抑制靶基因的表达或翻译来发挥转录后调控作用。miR-155是microRNAs家族中的重要成员,由于其具有多功能的特点而颇受关注,人们对其开展了广泛而又深刻的研究。大量研究结果表明miR-155的功能广泛,它参与机体造血细胞的发育分化、免疫细胞的发育分化、炎症反应、免疫应答、肌肉发育以及脂肪分化等许多生物过程,并在肝癌、淋巴癌、乳腺癌、胰腺癌和肺癌等多种癌组织或细胞株中呈现高表达,与肿瘤的发生、侵袭和转移密切相关,而且,随着研究的不断深入,miR-155极有可能成为一个新的肿瘤标志物以及肿瘤基因治疗的新靶点。miR-155在各种生命过程中扮演着无可替代的角色,并在相关信号通路的调节中发挥着不可或缺的作用,是个典型的重要的多功能miRNA。就miR-155的主要特点以及相关功能研究进展予以综述,旨在讨论miR-155在机体生命活动中发挥的重要作用,为多种疾病的治疗提供新思路和新方法。

关键词: miR-155, 造血, 炎症, 免疫, 肿瘤, 肌肉发育, 脂肪分化

Abstract: microRNAs（miRNAs）represent a class of 19-25 nucleotides long,evolutionarily conserved,single-stranded,non-coding RNA molecules which are widely detected in eukaryotic organism. miRNAs play a post-transcriptional regulatory role by inhibiting the expression or translation of target genes. miR-155,an important member of the microRNAs family,has been increasingly studied due to its multifunctional characteristics. It is involved in many biological processes,such as the development and differentiation of hematopoietic cells,the development and differentiation of immune cells,inflammatory reaction,immune response,muscle development and adipose differentiation. miR-155 is highly expressed in many cancer tissues or cell lines,such as liver cancer,lymphoma,breast cancer,pancreatic cancer,lung cancer and so on,and closely related to tumorigenesis,tumor invasion and metastasis. With the continuous deepening of researches,miR-155 is likely to become a new tumor marker and a novel target for tumor gene therapy. miR-155 plays an irreplaceable role in various life processes and plays an indispensable role in the regulation of relevant signalling pathways. It is a typical important multifunctional miRNA. In this paper,we reviewed the research progresses on the major characteristics and relevant function of miR-155,aiming at discussing the important roles that miR-155 plays in the life activities of the organism and providing new ideas and new methods for the treatment of various diseases.

Key words: miR-155, hematopoiesis, inflammatory, immune, tumor, muscle development, adipose differentiation

李聪聪, 赵金艳, 吴姣, 徐秋良. miR-155研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(11): 70-82.

LI Cong-cong, ZHAO Jin-yan, WU Jiao, XU Qiu-liang. Research Progress on miR-155[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(11): 70-82.

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