外源硫与乙烯缓解马齿苋镉胁迫的生理机制研究

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-0303

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 解析镉（Cd）胁迫下外源乙烯和硫（S）对马齿苋（Portulaca oleracea L.）生理响应的机制。在Cd胁迫下,检测乙烯利（乙烯供体）和（NH₄）₂SO₄对马齿苋叶片氧化胁迫、S同化吸收、葡萄糖含量、乙烯合成、光合作用的影响。结果显示,外源S和乙烯处理,可降低Cd胁迫下马齿苋叶片与根中的Cd含量;增强ATP硫酸化酶（ATP-S）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性,提升马齿苋叶片还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量,从而降低叶片H₂O₂与丙二醛（MDA）含量;增强1-氨基环丙烷羧酸合酶（ACS）活性,提升叶片乙烯含量,从而降低葡萄糖含量,提升Rubisco酶活性和光合作用。同时添加外源S和乙烯,对上述指标的促进或者抑制效果加强,而添加乙烯活性专一性抑制剂二环庚二烯（Norbornadiene,NBD）则对上述各指标具有反向作用。外源S和乙烯可以通过降低马齿苋对Cd的吸收,增强体内乙烯信号传导途径,促进GSH的合成,降低葡萄糖含量,从而缓解Cd胁迫诱导的氧化胁迫和葡萄糖介导的光合抑制作用。

关键词: 镉胁迫, 乙烯, 硫, 马齿苋, 生理特性

Abstract: To uncover the physiological mechanism of exogenous ethylene and sulfur（S）in response to cadmium（Cd）stress,the effects of ethephon（ethylene donor）on the oxidative stress,S assimilation,glucose content,ethylene biosynthesis,and photosynthesis in leaf of P. oleracea were detected. The results revealed that exogenous ethylene and S-treatment decreased the Cd content in the leave and root of P. oleracea under Cd stress,also decreased H₂O₂accumulation and malondialdehyde（MDA）content via enhancing the activities of ATP sulfase（ATP-S）and glutathione reductase（GR）as well as increasing the content of reduced glutathion（GSH）in P. oleracea leaves. Moreover,the application of S or ethylene resulted in the glucose content reducing and Rubisco enzyme activity and photosynthesis increasing via increasing the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid enzyme（ACS）and ethylene content in leaves. Simultaneous addition of exogenous ethylene and S enhanced above promoting and inhibitory effects,but the application of ethylene action inhibitor norbornadiene（NBD）resulted in the reverse effects of above indexes. The results suggest that exogenous S and ethylene alleviates the Cd- induced oxidative stress and glucose-mediated photosynthesis inhibition in P. oleracea through decreasing Cd absorption,enhancing internal ethylene signaling pathways,promoting GSH production,and decreasing glucose content.

Key words: cadmium stress, ethylene, sulfur, Portulaca oleracea L., physiological characteristic

王竹承, 刘辉, 李荣华, 陈新, 李欣, 路致远. 外源硫与乙烯缓解马齿苋镉胁迫的生理机制研究[J]. 生物技术通报, 2019, 35(10): 71-79.

WANG Zhu-cheng, LIU Hui, LI Rong-hua, CHEN Xin, LI Xin, LU Zhi-yuan. Physiological Mechanism of Exogenous Ethylene and Sulfur in Alleviating Cadmium Stress in Portulaca oleracea[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2019, 35(10): 71-79.

参考文献

[1] Wang WZ, Xu WH, Zhou K, et al.Research progressing of present contamination of Cd in soil and restoration method[J]. Wuhan University Journal of Natural Science, 2015(5):430-444.
[2] Kováčik J, Babula P, Klejdus B, et al.Comparison of oxidative stress in four Tillandsia species exposed to cadmium[J]. Plant Physiology & Biochemistry, 2014, 80:33-40.
[3] Choppala G, Ullah S, Bolan N, et al.Cellular mechanisms in higher plants governing tolerance to cadmium toxicity[J]. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2014, 33(5):374-391.
[4] Rizwan M, Ali S, Adrees M, et al.A critical review on effects, tolerance mechanisms and management of cadmium in vegetables[J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 182(5):90-105.
[5] Chaney RL.How does contamination of rice soils with Cd and Zn cause high incidence of human Cd disease in subsistence rice farmers[J]. Current Pollution Reports, 2015, 1(1):13-22.
[6] Anjum NA, Umar S, Gill SS, et al.Sulfur assimilation and cadmium tolerance in plants[M]// Khan NA, Singh S, Umar S Sulfur Assimilation and Abiotic Stress in Plants. Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 2008:271-302.
[7] Genisel M, Erdal S, Kizilkaya M.The mitigating effect of cysteine on growth inhibition in salt-stressed barley seeds is related to its own reducing capacity rather than its effects on antioxidant system[J]. Plant Growth Regulation, 2015, 75(1):187-197.
[8] Astolfi S, Zuchi S.Adequate S supply protects barley plants from adverse effects of salinity stress by increasing thiol contents[J]. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2013, 35(1):175-181.
[9] Lancilli C, Giacomini B, Lucchini G, et al.Cadmium exposure and sulfate limitation reveal differences in the transcriptional control of three sulfate transporter(Sultr1;2)genes in Brassica juncea[J]. BMC Plant Biology, 2014, 14(1):132.
[10] Lou L, Kang J, Pang H, et al.Sulfur protects pakchoi(Brassica chinensis L. )seedlings against cadmium stress by regulating ascorbate-glutathione metabolism[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2017, 18(8):1628.
[11] Liang T, Ding H, Wang G, et al.Sulfur decreases cadmium translocation and enhances cadmium tolerance by promoting sulfur assimilation and glutathione metabolism in Brassica chinensis L.[J]. Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety, 2016, 124:129-137.
[12] Wang F, Cui X, Sun Y, et al.Ethylene signaling and regulation in plant growth and stress responses[J]. Plant Cell Reports, 2013, 32(7):1099-1109.
[13] Fu SF, Chen PY, Nguyen QTT, et al.Transcriptome profiling of genes and pathways associated with arsenic toxicity and tolerance in Arabidopsis[J]. BMC Plant Biology, 2014, 14(1):94.
[14] Guan C, Ji J, Wu D, et al.The glutathione synthesis may be regulated by cadmium-induced endogenous ethylene in Lycium chinense, and overexpression of an ethylene responsive transcription factor gene enhances tolerance to cadmium stress in tobacco[J]. Molecular Breeding, 2015, 35(5):1-13.
[15] Nazar R, Khan MI, Iqbal N, et al.Involvement of ethylene in reversal of salt-inhibited photosynthesis by sulfur in mustard[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 2014, 152(2):331-344.
[16] 陈艳. 不同苋菜品种对重金属累积差异和机制初探[D]. 广州:暨南大学, 2013.
[17] Okuda T, Matsuda Y, Yamanaka A, et al.Abrupt increase in the level of hydrogen peroxide in leaves of winter wheat is caused by cold treatment[J]. Plant Physiology, 1991, 97(3):1265-1267.
[18] 张志良, 瞿伟菁. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 第3版. 北京:高等教育出版社, 2003.
[19] Khan NA, Asgher M, Per TS, et al.Ethylene potentiates sulfur-mediated reversal of cadmium inhibited photosynthetic responses in mustard[J]. Front Plant Sci, 2016, 7(94):1628.
[20] Gaitonde MK.A spectrophotometric method for the direct determination of cysteine in the presence of other naturally occurring amino acids[J]. Biochemical Journal, 1967, 104(2):627-633.
[21] Horn JM, Jones DB, Blum AE.Colorimetric determination of methionine in protein and foods[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1946, 166(1):313-320.
[22] Anderson ME.Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide in biological samples[J]. Methods Enzymol, 1985, 113(4):548-555.
[23] Krishnaveni S, Balasubramanian T, Sadasivam S.Sugar distribution in sweet stalk sorghum[J]. Food Chemistry, 1984, 15(3):229-232.
[24] Usuda H.The activation state of ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase in maize leaves in dark and light[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology, 1985, 26(8):1455-1463.
[25] Muhammad JH, Wang ZQ, Zhang GP.Sulfur alleviates growth inhibition and oxidative stress caused by cadmium toxicity in rice[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2005, 28(10):1785-1800.
[26] Achard P, Harberd NP.Integration of plant responses to environmentally activated phytohormonal signals[J]. Science, 2006, 311(5757):91-94.
[27] 冯源. 重金属铅离子和镉离子在水环境中的行为研究[J]. 环境与发展, 2013, 29(3):87-93.
[28] Cao ZZ, Qin ML, Lin XY, et al.Sulfur supply reduces cadmium uptake and translocation in rice grains(Oryza sativa L. )by enhancing iron plaque formation, cadmium chelation and vacuolar sequestration[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 238:76-84.
[29] Lou L, Kang J, Pang H, et al.Sulfur protects pakchoi(Brassica chinensis L. )seedlings against cadmium stress by regulating ascorbate-glutathione metabolism[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2017, 18(8):1628.
[30] 杨卫东, 李廷强, 丁哲利, 等. 旱柳幼苗抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环及谷胱甘肽代谢对镉胁迫的响应[J]. 浙江大学学报:农业与生命科学版, 2014, 40(5):551-558.
[31] Liang T, Ding H, Wang G, et al.Sulfur decreases cadmium translocation and enhances cadmium tolerance by promoting sulfur assimilation and glutathione metabolism in Brassica chinensis L.[J]. Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety, 2016, 124:129-137.
[32] Tholen D, Pons TL, Voesenek LA, et al.Ethylene insensitivity results in down-regulation of rubisco expression and photosynthetic capacity in tobacco[J]. Plant Physiology, 2007, 144(3):1305-1318.
[33] Masood A, Iqbal N, Khan MIR, et al.The coordinated role of ethylene and glucose in sulfur-mediated protection of photosynthetic inhibition by cadmium[J]. Plant Signal Behav, 2012, 7(11):1420-1422.
[34] Iqbal N, Nazar R, Syeed S, et al.Exogenously-sourced ethylene increases stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, and growth under optimal and deficient nitrogen fertilization in mustard[J]. J Exp Bot, 2011, 62(14):4955-4963.