生物技术通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 297-309.doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-1104

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

沙枣根际耐盐促生复合菌剂发酵工艺优化及其促生效果研究

董宇韬1,2,3,4(), 包慧芳3, 何苗1,4, 侯鹏1,4, 李烽1,4, 王之西1,4, 秦瑶1,4, 罗青红1,4()   

  1. 1.新疆维吾尔自治区林业科学院 治沙研究所,乌鲁木齐 830000
    2.新疆农业大学 林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
    3.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院 微生物应用研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
    4.新疆维吾尔自治区精河荒漠生态系统定位观测研究站,精河 833303
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-15 出版日期:2026-02-09 发布日期:2026-02-09
  • 通讯作者: 罗青红,女,博士,研究员,研究方向 :植物生理生态研究;E-mail: lqh482325@sina.com
  • 作者简介:董宇韬,男,硕士研究生,研究方向 :有益微生物挖掘及发酵工艺研发;E-mail: 2543614693@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金重点项目(2022D01D46);国家重点研发计划(2023YFF130420301);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2024A03009-2)

Optimization of the Fermentation Process and Plant Growth-Promoting Effects of a Salt-tolerant Microbial Consortium from the Rhizosphere of Elaeagnus angustifolia

DONG Yu-tao1,2,3,4(), BAO Hui-fang3, He Miao1,4, HOU Peng1,4, LI Feng1,4, WANG Zhi-xi1,4, QIN Yao1,4, LUO Qing-hong1,4()   

  1. 1.Institute of Desertification Control, Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences, Urumqi 830000
    2.College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
    3.Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091
    4.Jinghe Desert Ecosystem Research Station in Xinjiang, Jinghe 833303
  • Received:2025-10-15 Published:2026-02-09 Online:2026-02-09

摘要:

目的 研究耐盐促生复合菌剂的发酵工艺,分析其对盐胁迫下植物的促生效果,为新疆盐渍化地区植株栽培及微生物产品的研发提供理论依据。 方法 以2株分离自盐碱地沙枣根际土壤的优良耐盐Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria(PGPR)菌株为材料,通过单因素试验及响应面法Box-Behnken试验设计,优化复合菌发酵培养基配方及培养条件。对比发酵优化前后复合菌活菌数、生物量、生长曲线等3种生物学特性;溶有机磷、溶无机磷、固氮、分泌吲哚乙酸(IAA)等4种促生性能。通过盆栽实验测定沙枣株高、根长、叶片数、茎粗及鲜重等5项生长指标,评价优化前后复合菌与单一菌株对沙枣的促生效果。 结果 优化后的耐盐促生复合菌最佳发酵培养基配方为:糖蜜14 g/L、蛋白胨11 g/L、酵母粉5 g/L、Na2HPO4 5 g/L;最适培养条件为pH 7.0、接种量10%、温度37 ℃、摇床转速为180 r/min和装液量为40 mL。此工艺下,发酵液活菌数达7.28×109 CFU/mL,为原始配方的36.04倍且更早进入生长对数期(6h);溶有机磷、溶无机磷、固氮量及分泌吲哚乙酸含量较优化前分别提高56.21%、44.38%、69.70%、64.57%。盐胁迫下,经优化后复合菌处理组(FYA)的沙枣株高、根长、叶片数、茎粗及鲜重较无菌水对照组(CK)分别提高63.76%、34.17%、36.24%、71.15%、73.68%;较优化前复合菌处理组(FYB)株高、根长、茎粗及鲜重分别提高19.32%、5.96%、15.58%、17.86%。 结论 发酵工艺优化显著提高耐盐促生复合菌剂的活菌数及促生性能,在盐胁迫下促进沙枣生长,为盐渍化区域植株栽培提供了科学依据。

关键词: 沙枣, 耐盐促生复合菌, 发酵配方, 培养条件, 响应面, 促生作用

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the fermentation process of salt-tolerant and plant growth-promoting microbial consortia and evaluate their growth-promoting effects on plants under salt stress, providing theoretical basis for plant cultivation and microbial product development in saline-alkali regions of Xinjiang. Method Two salt-tolerant PGPR (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria) strains isolated from the rhizosphere of Elaeagnus angustifolia in saline-alkali soil were selected to construct a bacterial consortium. The fermentation medium and culture conditions were optimized using single-factor experiments and Box-Behnken response surface methodology. Biological traits (viable cell count, biomass, and growth kinetics) and plant growth-promoting traits (solubilization of organic, inorganic phosphorus, nitrogen fixation and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production) were analyzed before and after optimization. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the consortium's effects on plant height, root length, leaf number, stem diameter, and fresh weight under salt stress. Result The optimal fermentation medium consisted of 14 g/L molasses, 11 g/L peptone, 5 g/L yeast extract, and 5 g/L Na₂HPO₄. Optimal culture conditions were pH 7.0, inoculation volume 10%, incubation temperature 37 ℃, shaking speed 180 r/min, and filling volume 40 mL per 150 mL flask. Under these conditions, viable cell count reached 7.28×109 CFU/mL, representing a 36.04-fold increase over the unoptimized medium, with a shorter lag phase (6 h). The optimized consortium showed enhanced plant growth-promoting activity, with organic phosphorus solubilization, inorganic phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and IAA production increased by 56.21%, 44.38%, 69.70% and 64.57%, respectively. Under salt stress, compared with the sterile water control group (CK), the optimized microbial consortium treatment group (FYA) showed significant increases in growth parameters of Elaeagnus angustifolia, with plant height, root length, leaf number, stem diameter, and fresh weight increasing by 63.76%, 34.17%, 36.24%, 71.15%, and 73.68%, respectively. Compared to the unoptimized compound bacterial treatment group (FYB), the FYA group showed improvements of 19.32%, 5.96%, 15.58%, and 17.86% in plant height, root length, stem diameter, and fresh weight, respectively. Conclusion The optimized fermentation process significantly enhanced both the viability and growth-promoting traits of the salt-tolerant microbial consortium, contributing to improved plant growth under salt stress and offering potential for application in saline-affected agricultural systems.

Key words: Elaeagnus angustifolia, salt-tolerant and plant growth-promoting microbial consortium, fermentation medium formulation, culture conditions, response surface methodology, plant growth-promoting effect