大豆GmRLK19基因表达分析及互作蛋白的筛选

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0903

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的针对前期挖掘到的百粒重候选基因GmRLK19，分析其表达模式并筛选互作蛋白，为进一步研究GmRLK19的生物学功能提供依据。方法利用生物信息学分析GmRLK19基因的结构特点；利用荧光定量PCR技术分析GmRLK19的组织表达模式；利用亚细胞定位确定其蛋白表达位置；利用酵母双杂交技术筛选GmRLK19的互作蛋白并预测其潜在功能。结果 GmRLK19蛋白的二级结构主要为无规则卷曲和α-螺旋，可能存在的磷酸化位点共有145个。GmRLK19基因在被检测的组织中均有表达且在开花后30 d的籽粒中表达水平最高；亚细胞定位结果表明其蛋白主要定位在细胞膜。通过酵母双杂筛选互作蛋白，共获得187个阳性克隆，测序分析后得到148个候选互作蛋白；功能预测结果显示，互作蛋白主要在调控植物生长发育、信号转导、代谢过程等方面发挥作用。GO富集结果显示互作蛋白在光合作用和蛋白质翻译条目中显著富集。结论 GmRLK19基因在多个组织中表达，其蛋白主要定位在细胞膜。筛选得到148个候选互作蛋白，推测GmRLK19通过植物激素信号转导、光合作用等途径影响大豆粒重。

关键词: 大豆, GmRLK19, 表达分析, 酵母双杂交, 互作蛋白

Abstract:

Objective GmRLK19, an important candidate gene for soybean 100-seed weight, was identified in our previous study. This study aims to analyze the expression pattern and screen for interacting proteins of GmRLK19, providing a basis for further investigation into its biological function. Method The bioinformatics was employed to analyze the structural characteristics of the GmRLK19 gene. The tissue expression pattern of GmRLK19 was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) technology. Subcellular localization was determined by fusing GmRLK19 with a fluorescent tag and observing with confocal microscopy. Proteins interacting with GmRLK19 were screened using yeast two-hybrid technology, and their potential functions were predicted using database information. Result The secondary structure of GmRLK19 protein is predominantly composed of random coils and α-helices, with a total of 145 predicted phosphorylation sites. Gene GmRLK19 is expressed ubiquitously across all tested tissues, showing the highest transcript levels in seeds at 30 d after flowering. Subcellular localization experiments confirmed that the GmRLK19 protein is primarily localized to the plasma membrane. Through yeast two-hybrid screening, a total of 187 positive clones were identified, among which 148 candidate interacting proteins were screened by PCR amplification of the inserted fragments after transformation. Functional analysis revealed that the interacting proteins function primarily in regulating plant growth and development, signal transduction, and metabolic processes. The GO enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment for interacting proteins involved in photosynthesis and protein translation. Conclusion GmRLK19 is expressed in various tissues, and its encoded protein localizes primarily to the cell membrane. The 148 candidate interacting proteins are obtained via screening, suggesting that GmRLK19 influences soybean seed weight likely through multiple pathways, such as plant hormone signaling and photosynthesis.

Key words: soybean, GmRLK19, expression analysis, yeast two-hybrid, interacting protein

许孟歌, 宋火焱, 罗佳, 苏亿, 周会汶, 王灿, 孔可可. 大豆GmRLK19基因表达分析及互作蛋白的筛选[J]. 生物技术通报, 2026, 42(4): 92-100.

XU Meng-ge, SONG Huo-yan, LUO Jia, SU Yi, ZHOU Hui-wen, WANG Can, KONG Ke-ke. Expression Analysis and Interaction Protein Screening of GmRLK19 in Soybean[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(4): 92-100.

图/表 7

图1 GmRLK19的生物信息学分析A：二级结构预测；B：跨膜结构预测；C：亲/疏水性预测；D：磷酸化位点预测；E：信号肽预测

Fig. 1 Bioinformatics analysis of GmRLK19A: Secondary structure prediction; B: transmembrane structure prediction; C: hydrophilic/hydrophobic prediction; D: phosphorylation site prediction; E: signal peptide prediction

图2 GmRLK19及其同源蛋白的系统进化树分析GmRLK19及其同源蛋白的进化树分析，节点上的数字表示1 000次Bootstrap值。使用与GmRLK19同源的14个蛋白质的氨基酸全长序列绘制，包括，Phacu.CVR.001G169400，尖叶菜豆；Phvul.001G137300，菜豆/四季豆；Vigun01g119600，豇豆；Lalb Chr20g0110951，白羽扇豆；Glyma.19G143300，大豆；Lj1g0014304，百脉根；Medtr7g092430，蒺藜苜蓿；GhUA48.A07G027300，棉花；AT5G06940，拟南芥；Glyma.03G140700，大豆；Ca_07275，鹰嘴豆；Sobic.006G116200，高粱；LOC Os04g39650，水稻；ZmPHB47.10G170400，玉米；TraesCS2D03G0763100，小麦

Fig. 2 Phylogenetic tree analysis of GmRLK19 and its homologous proteinPhylogenetic tree analysis of GmRLK19 and homologous proteins. The numbers in the nodes indicate 1 000-time Bootstrap. It is depicted using the full-length amino acid sequences of the 14 proteins that are homologous with GmRLK19, including Phacu.CVR.001G169400 (Phaseolus vulgaris); Phvul.001G137300 (Phaseolus acutifolius); Vigun01g119600 (Vigna unguiculata); Lalb Chr20g0110951 (Lupinus albus); Glyma.19G143300 (Glycine max); Lj1g0014304 (Lotus japonicus); Medtr7g092430 (Medicago truncatula); GhUA48.A07G027300 (Gossypium hirsutum); AT5G06940 (Arabidopsis thaliana); Glyma.03G140700 (Glycine max); Ca_07275 (Cicer arietinum); Sobic.006G116200 (Sorghum bicolor); LOC Os04g39650 (Oryza sativa); ZmPHB47.10G170400 (Zea mays); TraesCS2D03G0763100 (Triticum aestivum)

图3 GmRLK19在大豆不同组织中的相对表达量各组织样品分别选自PI595843品种14 d苗龄的根、茎、叶、2 cm的荚以及开花后10-40 d发育的籽粒。不同组织和不同发育时期籽粒的基因相对表达量均分别以开花后10 d的籽粒中的表达量进行标准化，即作为对照（相对表达量 = 1）。误差线代表标准误差（n = 3）。Root：根；Stem：茎；Leaf：叶片；Flower：花；Pod：荚；Seed 10 DAF - Seed 40 DAF分别表示开花后10、20、30和40 d的籽粒。*和**分别表示各个组织与10 DAF籽粒在0.05和0.01水平上的差异显著性（Student’s t-test， two-tail）

Fig. 3 Relative expressions of GmRLK19 gene in different soybean tissuesThe tissue samples were selected from the root, stem, leaf and 2 cm pod of the PI595843 of 14-day old seedlings, and the seeds at different development stages at 10-40 d after flowering were also collected. The relative expressions were normalized in the seed at 10DAF from PI595843, as the control (relative expression = 1). The error bars indicate the standard error (n = 3). Seed 10 DAF-Seed 40 DAF: the seed of the 10, 20, 30, and 40 d after flowering, respectively. * and ** indicate significant difference between tissue samples and seed at 10 DAF at 0.01 and 0.05 level (Student’s t-test, two-tail), respectively

图4 GmRLK19蛋白的亚细胞定位在CaMV 35S启动子控制下，GFP蛋白及GmRLK19-GFP融合蛋白在拟南芥原生质体中的瞬时表达。GFP，绿色荧光蛋白；Chlorophyll，叶绿体自发荧光；Bright field，明场；Merge，叠加。比例尺为10 μm

Fig. 4 Subcellular localization of GmRLK19 proteinTransient expression of GFP protein or GmRLK19-GFP fusion protein under the control of CaMV 35S promoter in tobacco cells. GFP, green fluorescence protein. Chlorophyll, chloroplast spontaneous fluorescence. Bright field, brighten field. Merged, merged images of the GFP, chlorophyll, and bright field images. Scale bar = 10 μm

图5 自激活检测结果从上到下依次为阳性对照、阴性对照、功能验证组及自激活组；从左到右依次为DDO、TDO/X和QDO/X平板

Fig. 5 Results of self-activation detectionFrom top to bottom, the groups are: positive control, negative control, functional validation group, and self-activation group. From left to right, the plates are: DDO, TDO/X, and QDO/X plate

图6 双杂交文库筛选获得的187个阳性克隆“+”代表阳性对照，pTSU2-APP+NubG-Fe65；“-”代表阴性对照，pTSU2-APP+pPR3-N

Fig. 6 The 187 positive clones obtained double hybridization library screening“+” indicates positive control, pTSU2-APP+NubG-Fe65; “-” indicates negative control, pTSU2-APP+pPR3-N

图7 GmRLK19候选互作蛋白的GO富集分析

Fig. 7 GO enrichment analysis of candidate interacting proteins of GmRLK19

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