TIFY转录因子在植物生长发育和逆境胁迫响应中的作用

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0914

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

TIFY转录因子是植物特有的一类转录因子，含有高度保守的TIF[F/Y]XG基序，可分为TIFY、JAZ、PPD和ZML 4个亚家族。随着植物基因组学和功能基因组学的发展，TIFY转录因子在多种植物中被鉴定，且该基因家族在不同物种中数量差异显著。本文综述了TIFY转录因子的结构特征，系统阐述了其在植物生长发育（如叶片、花器官等）、激素信号转导（如茉莉酸、脱落酸等）以及逆境胁迫响应（包括生物胁迫、低温、干旱等）中的作用。现有研究已明确TIFY转录因子在植物生长发育与逆境响应中具有重要作用，然而其特异性作用机制尚未完全阐明；翻译后修饰（如甲基化、磷酸化等）对其功能的精细调控作用亦有待深入解析。未来可整合比较基因组学，系统分析不同科属、不同倍性植物TIFY基因的共线性区块与演化轨迹，揭示其功能分化规律；依托X射线晶体学、冷冻电镜等结构生物学技术，解析TIFY蛋白核心结构域（如TIFY、JAS）的三维结构，明确其与靶蛋白、激素配体的互作界面；结合CRISPR-Cas9等基因编辑技术，深入解析TIFY转录因子调控机理，并通过基因工程策略定向开展遗传改良，为培育抗逆优质、高产广适的新一代作物提供重要候选基因。

关键词: TIFY, 基因家族, 转录因子, 生长发育, 激素信号, 茉莉酸, 胁迫响应, 三维结构

Abstract:

TIFY transcription factors are a class of regulators unique to plants, which harbor a highly conserved TIF[F/Y]XG motif and can be divided into four sub-families: TIFY, JAZ, PPD and ZML. Driven by advances in plant genomics and functional genomics, TIFY transcription factor genes have been systematically identified in a wide range of plant species, and the size of this gene family varies markedly among different plants. Here we summarize the structural features of TIFY transcription factors and systematically delineate their roles in growth and development (e.g., leaf morphogenesis, floral organ, etc.), hormonal signal transduction (especially jasmonic acid, ABA, etc.), and responses to diverse environmental stresses, including biotic attack as well as cold, drought. Although TIFY proteins have been conclusively implicated in plant growth, development, and stress responses, their precise mechanistic actions remain elusive, and the fine-tuning of their functions by post-translational modifications (e.g., methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination) awaits further dissection. In the future, comparative genomics can be integrated to systematically analyze the collinear blocks and evolutionary trajectories of TIFY genes across different families, genera, and ploidy levels, thereby uncovering their functional differentiation rules. Leveraging structural biology techniques such as X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy, the three-dimensional structures of TIFY core domains (e.g., TIFY and JAS) can be resolved to pinpoint their interaction interfaces with target proteins and hormonal ligands. Coupled with CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing, this will enable in-depth dissection of TIFY regulatory mechanisms and facilitate directed genetic improvement via genetic-engineering strategies, ultimately providing important candidate genes for breeding next-generation crops with robust stress tolerance and superior high-yield traits.

Key words: TIFY, gene family, transcription factor, growth and development, hormone signal, JA, stress response, three-dimensional structure

宋文清, 陈智翔, 李雨倩, 王海龙, 邢国芳, 张杰伟. TIFY转录因子在植物生长发育和逆境胁迫响应中的作用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2026, 42(9): 70-81.

SONG Wen-qing, CHEN Zhi-xiang, LI Yu-qian, WANG Hai-long, XING Guo-fang, ZHANG Jie-wei. Roles of TIFY Transcription Factors in Plant Growth, Development and Stress Adaptation[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(9): 70-81.

图/表 3

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物种Species	基因Gene	功能Function	参考文献 Reference
拟南芥 Arabidopsis thaliana	TIFY8	叶绿素损失减缓、光系统II功能维持更久，延缓叶片衰老进程	［16］
甘蓝型油菜 Brassica napus	BnaJAZ2 BnaJAZ3	BnaJAZ2正向调控耐旱性 BnaJAZ3负向调控耐盐性	［81］
辣椒 Capsicum annuum	CaTIFY7 CaTIFY10b	提高植物叶片的活性氧含量，正向调控辣椒对低温胁迫的抗性	［66］
菊花 Chrysanthemum morifolium	CmJAZ1-like CmBPE2	CmJAZ1-like通过与CmBPE2相互作用，从而共同影响花瓣大小	［24］
鹰嘴豆 Cicer arietinum	Ca4-TIFY4B	调控植株活力相关性状（叶片大小、种子大小）	［31］
黄瓜 Cucumis sativus	CsJAZ2 CsJAZ6， CsZML2	过表达植株中ROS清除系统的POD、SOD和CAT酶活性显著降低，负调控黄瓜对灰霉病的抗性	［62］
苦荞 Fagopyrum tataricum	FtJAZ10， FtJAZ12	抑制热诱导的细胞死亡，提高烟草对热胁迫的耐受能力	［79］
大豆 Glycine max	GmTIFY10e， GmTIFY10g	主根长度和鲜重均显著增高，正向调控植物的盐胁迫耐受性	［96］
陆地棉 Gossypium hirsutum	GhTIFY9	棉花抗黄萎病反应的正向调控因子，增强棉花对黄萎病菌的敏感性	［60］
枸杞 Lycium barbarum	LrJAZ2	气孔密度和气孔指数显著降低，叶片失水率下降，负调控植物气孔发育	［78］
烟草 Nicotiana tabacum	NtTIFY7	NtTIFY7 沉默植株对青枯病的敏感性显著增强。正向调控烟草对青枯病的抗性	［52］
茄子 Solanum melongena	SmJAZ10	负向调控叶片叶绿素合成	［76］
丹参 Salvia miltiorrhiza	SmWD40-170	促进根系生长和次生代谢物积累，调节气孔运动来应对干旱胁迫	［44］
马铃薯 Solanum tuberosum	StJAZ23	促进根系发育，增强根系活力，提升抗氧化能力，调控胁迫相关激素积累	［83］
蓝莓 Vaccinium corymbosum	VcTIFY6B， VcTIFY9， VcTIFY10A	增加果实的横径、单果质量及种子数目，调控果实发育	［30］
葡萄 Vitis vinifera	VvTIFY10A	促进果实纵向生长、抑制横向生长，对果实形状产生调控作用	［29］
玉米 Zea mays	ZmJAZ13	调节次生代谢产物和酶活性，增强植物对干旱和盐胁迫的耐受性	［77］

物种Species	基因Gene	功能Function	参考文献 Reference
拟南芥 Arabidopsis thaliana	TIFY8	叶绿素损失减缓、光系统II功能维持更久，延缓叶片衰老进程	［16］
甘蓝型油菜 Brassica napus	BnaJAZ2 BnaJAZ3	BnaJAZ2正向调控耐旱性 BnaJAZ3负向调控耐盐性	［81］
辣椒 Capsicum annuum	CaTIFY7 CaTIFY10b	提高植物叶片的活性氧含量，正向调控辣椒对低温胁迫的抗性	［66］
菊花 Chrysanthemum morifolium	CmJAZ1-like CmBPE2	CmJAZ1-like通过与CmBPE2相互作用，从而共同影响花瓣大小	［24］
鹰嘴豆 Cicer arietinum	Ca4-TIFY4B	调控植株活力相关性状（叶片大小、种子大小）	［31］
黄瓜 Cucumis sativus	CsJAZ2 CsJAZ6， CsZML2	过表达植株中ROS清除系统的POD、SOD和CAT酶活性显著降低，负调控黄瓜对灰霉病的抗性	［62］
苦荞 Fagopyrum tataricum	FtJAZ10， FtJAZ12	抑制热诱导的细胞死亡，提高烟草对热胁迫的耐受能力	［79］
大豆 Glycine max	GmTIFY10e， GmTIFY10g	主根长度和鲜重均显著增高，正向调控植物的盐胁迫耐受性	［96］
陆地棉 Gossypium hirsutum	GhTIFY9	棉花抗黄萎病反应的正向调控因子，增强棉花对黄萎病菌的敏感性	［60］
枸杞 Lycium barbarum	LrJAZ2	气孔密度和气孔指数显著降低，叶片失水率下降，负调控植物气孔发育	［78］
烟草 Nicotiana tabacum	NtTIFY7	NtTIFY7 沉默植株对青枯病的敏感性显著增强。正向调控烟草对青枯病的抗性	［52］
茄子 Solanum melongena	SmJAZ10	负向调控叶片叶绿素合成	［76］
丹参 Salvia miltiorrhiza	SmWD40-170	促进根系生长和次生代谢物积累，调节气孔运动来应对干旱胁迫	［44］
马铃薯 Solanum tuberosum	StJAZ23	促进根系发育，增强根系活力，提升抗氧化能力，调控胁迫相关激素积累	［83］
蓝莓 Vaccinium corymbosum	VcTIFY6B， VcTIFY9， VcTIFY10A	增加果实的横径、单果质量及种子数目，调控果实发育	［30］
葡萄 Vitis vinifera	VvTIFY10A	促进果实纵向生长、抑制横向生长，对果实形状产生调控作用	［29］
玉米 Zea mays	ZmJAZ13	调节次生代谢产物和酶活性，增强植物对干旱和盐胁迫的耐受性	［77］