小肽激素EPFs/EPFLs调控植物生长发育和胁迫应答的研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-1311

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物气孔是调控光合作用与蒸腾作用的关键微结构，其发育遵循“单细胞间距规则”并受高度程序化的分子信号通路精密调控。本文总结了表皮模式因子（epidermal patterning factors/EPF-like peptides, EPFs/EPFLs）家族小肽在植物生长发育，尤其是气孔模式建成中的核心作用。系统阐述了该家族的分类、功能、成熟与加工等，重点剖析了EPFs/EPFLs小肽作为配体，被ERECTA/TMM/SERK受体复合物识别后激活MAPK级联信号通路，通过磷酸化降解SPCH等关键转录因子以精确调控气孔发育的分子机理。此外本文还总结了该家族在拟南芥与水稻等植物生长发育中的生物学功能以及在作物水分利用效率和抗逆性改良中的应用潜力，并探讨了该家族小肽通过影响气孔密度与开度进而响应干旱、盐分等非生物胁迫及其在植物气孔免疫调控中的潜在机制，最后对其未来研究方向及在农业上的应用进行了展望，为未来作物的稳产增产实践应用提供理论指导。

关键词: 小肽激素, EPFs/EPFLs家族, 植物气孔, 信号转导

Abstract:

Plant stomata are crucial microstructures regulating photosynthesis and transpiration, and their development follows the “one-cell spacing rule” governed by highly programmed molecular signaling pathways. This review summarizes the pivotal roles of the epidermal patterning factors/EPF-like peptides (EPFs/EPFLs) family in plant growth and development, particularly in stomatal patterning. The article systematically elucidates the classification, functions, maturation, and processing of this family, with a focus on analyzing the molecular mechanism by which EPFs/EPFLs act as ligands recognized by the ERECTA/TMM/SERK receptor complex, subsequently activating the MAPK cascade signaling pathway to precisely regulate stomatal development through phosphorylation-mediated degradation of key transcription factors such as SPCH. Furthermore, the review summarizes the biological functions of this family in the growth and development of plants such as Arabidopsis and rice (Oryza sativa), and maize (Zea mays), as well as the potential applications of these peptide hormones in improving crop water use efficiency and stress resistance. It also explores the roles of these peptides in responding to abiotic stresses like drought and salinity by modulating stomatal density and aperture, and their potential mechanisms in regulating stomatal immunity. Finally, the article provides an outlook on future research directions and agricultural applications, highlighting its significant guidance for stable and increased crop yields.

Key words: small peptide hormones, EPFs/EPFLs family, plant stomata, signal transduction

朱云涛, 杜一帆, 左示敏, 熊叶辉. 小肽激素EPFs/EPFLs调控植物生长发育和胁迫应答的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2026, 42(9): 82-92.

ZHU Yun-tao, DU Yi-fan, ZUO Shi-min, XIONG Ye-hui. Research Progress in the Regulation of Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Responses by Small Peptide Hormones EPFs/EPFLs[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(9): 82-92.

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