CRISPR/Cas9技术在表观基因组中应用的探讨

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0358

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列/成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列关联蛋白9（Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins,CRISPR/Cas9）技术是近5年来在生物基因改造中应用最广泛的新型编辑工具,具有成本低、效率高、多位点打靶以及脱靶效应可预测等优点,正在成为不同生物体中设计基因组的有力工具。表观遗传的不断发展对分子生物学的中心法则提出挑战,包括DNA中碱基和组蛋白的修饰、非编码RNA对基因组和染色质结构的调节中都起到至关重要的作用。对CRISPR/Cas9系统的改造可以对表观基因组进行修饰。对CRISPR/Cas9系统在表观基因组中进行修饰的应用进行概述,讨论了定向修饰基因组存在的问题,以期为CRISPR/Cas9系统在基因组编辑领域的应用提供参考。

关键词: CRISPR/Cas9, 基因编辑, 表观基因组, 表观调控

Abstract: CRISPR/Cas9（clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins）technology is the most widely used novel gene editing tool in the past five years. With the advantages of low cost,high efficiency,multi-site target and predictable off-target effects,it is becoming a powerful tool for designing genomes in different organisms. The continuous development of epigenetics challenges the central principles in molecular biology,including the modification of bases and histones in DNA and the crucial role of non-coding RNA in the regulation of genome and chromatin structure. The alteration of CRISPR/Cas9 system may modify the epigenome. This article summarizes the application of CRISPR/Cas9 system in modifying epigenome,discusses the problems in the directional modification of the genome,and provides references for the application of CRISPR/Cas9 system in the field of genome editing.

Key words: CRISPR/Cas9, gene editing, epigenome, epigenetic regulation

贺帅,王淑辉,孙秀柱. CRISPR/Cas9技术在表观基因组中应用的探讨[J]. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(5): 17-21.

HE Shuai, WANG Shu-hui, SUN Xiu-zhu. Probe into Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Epigenome[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2018, 34(5): 17-21.

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