水稻MADS-box家族研究进展

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-0332

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物MADS-box转录因子是一类含有MADS-box结构域的蛋白，在调控植物生长发育和逆境响应中发挥重要作用。水稻MADS-box转录因子的生物学功能广受关注，取得了诸多研究进展，在已知的75个水稻MADS-box家族成员中至少有33个成员的功能已被研究报道，它们在花器官发育、穗发育、开花习性、种子发育、株高形态建成、根系发育，以及干旱、盐分、高温、低温、稻瘟病等生物与非生物胁迫响应等方面扮演了重要角色。研究表明，MADS-box成员通过相互间的作用或与其他转录因子互作形成了一个复杂的调控网络，主要涉及植物激素信号转导、活性氧平衡、渗透调节、泛素化、DNA甲基化等途径及其之间的协同作用。研究发现，绝大多数MADS-box家族成员参与生长发育调控，尤其是花器官发育，部分成员生物学功能存在冗余性，但其可能在不同的发育阶段、组织类型或环境条件下发挥作用，未来需要更深入地解析这些基因的功能特异性和冗余性，以揭示它们在水稻生长发育中的独特作用。然而，水稻MADS-box家族仍然有众多成员的功能尚不清楚，需要更多研究去揭示它们的作用。值得注意的是，部分水稻MADS-box成员展示了潜在的应用价值，通过引导编辑技术和重离子辐射诱变等方法，高效利用这些基因资源去改良水稻的产量、品质和抗逆性等性状，是未来研究的重要方向。本文综述水稻MADS-box转录因子生物学功能，以期为水稻分子育种提供策略。

关键词: 水稻, MADS-box家族, 生长发育, 逆境胁迫, 基因功能

Abstract:

The plant MADS-box transcription factors constitute a class of proteins that possess the MADS-box structural domain. These proteins play crucial roles in regulating plant growth and development, as well as in responding to adversity. The biological functions of rice MADS-box transcription factors have gained significant attention, leading to numerous research advancements. The functions of at least 33 of the 75 known rice MADS-box family members have been studied and reported,and they play pivotal roles in flower development, spikelet development, plant height morphogenesis, root development, flowering habit, seed development, and responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses,such as drought, salinity, high temperature, low temperature, and rice blast. Research has shown that MADS-box members form a complex regulatory network by interacting with each other or with other transcription factors, which mainly involves phytohormone signaling, reactive oxygen species homeostasis, osmotic adjustment, ubiquitination, DNA methylation and the synergistic effects among them. It was found that most MADS-box family members are involved in the regulation of growth and development, especially flower development, and there is redundancy in the biological functions of some of them, but they may play roles in different developmental stages, tissue types, or environmental conditions, and more in-depth analysis of the functional specificity and redundancy of these genes is needed in the future in order to reveal their unique roles in the growth and development of rice. However, there are still numerous members of the rice MADS-box family whose functions are unknown, and more research is needed to reveal their roles. Notably, some rice MADS-box members show potential application value, and the efficient utilization of these genetic resources to improve traits such as yield, quality, and stress tolerance of rice through prime editing and heavy ion beam irradiation mutagenesis technology is an important direction for future research.In this paper, we summarize the biological functions of rice MADS-box transcription factors, aiming to provide insights and strategies for rice molecular breeding.

Key words: rice, MADS-box family, growth and development, adverse stress, gene function

侯鹰翔, 费思恬, 宋松泉, 罗勇, 张超. 水稻MADS-box家族研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2024, 40(11): 103-112.

HOU Ying-xiang, FEI Si-tian, SONG Song-quan, LUO Yong, ZHANG Chao. Research Progress in MADS-box Family in Rice[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(11): 103-112.

图/表 1

参考文献 76

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基因名称 Gene name	生物学功能 Biological functions	参考文献 References
OsMADS1	调控开花；控制小花育性；控制外稃和内稃特定细胞类型的分化；控制小花分生组织规范；调节籽粒大小和产量；调控株高 Regulates flowering; control floret fertility; control differentiation of specific cell types in lemma and palea; control floret meristem specification; regulates seed size and yield; regulates plant height	[13⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-21]
OsMADS2	调控水稻浆片形成；调控雄蕊发育；控制水稻小花第二轮器官的大小形状和分化 Regulates rice paddy sheet formation; regulates stamen development; control size, shape and differentiation of rice floret secondary organs	[22-23]
OsMADS3	调节花器官和花分生组织发育；维持雄蕊发育；调控胚珠发育 Regulates floral organ and floral meristem development; maintains stamen development; regulates ovule development	[24⇓-26]
OsMADS4	调控水稻雄蕊发育Regulates rice stamen development	[22]
OsMADS5	调控小穗形态建成；调控水稻穗发育；抑制根的伸长；限制花序分枝 Regulates spikelet morphogenesis; regulates rice spike development; inhibits root elongation; limits inflorescence branching	[27⇓-29]
OsMADS6	促进胚乳中养分积累；调控花器官和分生组织发育；促进提前开花；决定内稃发育，影响水稻产量和品质；维持外稃发育 Promotes nutrient accumulation in endosperm; regulates development of floral organs and meristematic tissues; promotes early flowering; determines palea development; affects rice yield and quality; maintains lemma development	[30⇓-32]
OsMADS7	调控穗发育; 在高温下维持直链淀粉含量稳定；调控开花时间 Regulates spike development; maintains stable amylose content at high temperatures; regulates flowering time	[33⇓-35]
OsMADS8	参与绒毡层的发育；调节花器官发育和种子萌发 Involved in the development of tapetum; regulates floral organ development and seed germination	[33,36]
OsMADS13	调控胚珠发育；确定花器官和分生组织形成 Regulates ovule development; determines the formation of floral organs and meristematic tissues	[37-38]
OsMADS14	参与贮藏淀粉的合成Involved in storage starch synthesis	[39]
OsMADS15	调控生殖习性Regulates reproductive habits	[17]
OsMADS16	调控花器官发育Regulates floral organ development	[40]
OsMADS17	参与花器官发育；增加穗粒数和粒重Involved in floral organ development; increases grain number and grain weight	[31,41]
OsMADS18	诱导提前开花；调控花序分生组织和植物形态建成；参与ABA响应 Induces early flowering; regulates inflorescence meristem organization and plant morphogenesis; involved in ABA response	[42-43]
OsMADS22	参与BR响应；调控花器官发育Involved in BR response; regulates floral organ development	[44-45]
OsMADS23	调控干旱和盐胁迫耐受性; 调节植株缺水耐受性 Regulates drought and salt stress tolerance; regulates plant water deficit tolerance	[46-47]
OsMADS25	调节根的生长发育以及耐盐性Regulates root growth and development and salt tolerance	[48⇓-50]
OsMADS26	参与稻瘟病菌和白叶枯病菌的抗性以及耐旱性 Involved in resistance to Magnaporthe grisea and Xanthomonas oryzae, and drought tolerance	[51-52]
OsMADS27	调节根的生长发育以及耐盐性Regulates root development and salt tolerance	[53-54]
OsMADS29	控制水稻种子发育过程中母体组织细胞的退化；调控胚和胚乳的发育 Controls the degeneration of maternal tissue cells during rice seed development; regulates embryo and endosperm development	[55-56]
OsMADS32	调控花器官发育Regulates floral organ development	[57⇓-59]
OsMADS34	调控花序和小穗发育；限制花序分枝；调控籽粒大小和产量；维持空颖壳 Regulates inflorescence and spikelet development; restricts inflorescence branching; regulates grain size and yield; maintains empty glumes	[27,60⇓⇓ -63]
OsMADS47	调控初生根、胚芽鞘发育，影响叶倾角 Regulates development of primary roots and embryo sheaths; affects leaf inclination angle	[64]
OsMADS50	调控长日照开花; 导致愈伤期的极度早花 Regulates flowering in long days; leads to extremely early flowering at the callus stage	[65-66]
OsMADS51	调控短日照开花Regulates short-day flowering	[67]
OsMADS55	调控水稻分蘖和籽粒大小Regulates tillering and grain size in rice	[45,68]
OsMADS56	调控长日照开花; 调控籽粒大小和千粒重 Regulates flowering in long sunlight; regulates grain size and thousand-grain weight	[66,69]
OsMADS57	调控低温和高盐耐受性；调控株高发育、穗颈节间伸长和分蘖；调节长距离氮素转运和根系伸长 Regulates low temperature and high salt tolerance; regulates plant height development, internode elongation and tillering; regulates long distance nitrogen transport and root elongation	[70⇓-72]
OsMADS58	调控花器官发育Regulates floral organ development	[40,73]
OsMADS60	调控籽粒大小；调控株高；调控长日照开花Regulates grain sizet; regulates plant height; regulates long day flowering	[74]
OsMADS62	参与调控花粉萌发Involved in regulating pollen germination	[75-76]
OsMADS63	参与调控花粉萌发Involved in regulating pollen germination	[75-76]
OsMADS68	参与调控花粉萌发Involved in regulating pollen germination	[75-76]

基因名称 Gene name	生物学功能 Biological functions	参考文献 References
OsMADS1	调控开花；控制小花育性；控制外稃和内稃特定细胞类型的分化；控制小花分生组织规范；调节籽粒大小和产量；调控株高 Regulates flowering; control floret fertility; control differentiation of specific cell types in lemma and palea; control floret meristem specification; regulates seed size and yield; regulates plant height	[13⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-21]
OsMADS2	调控水稻浆片形成；调控雄蕊发育；控制水稻小花第二轮器官的大小形状和分化 Regulates rice paddy sheet formation; regulates stamen development; control size, shape and differentiation of rice floret secondary organs	[22-23]
OsMADS3	调节花器官和花分生组织发育；维持雄蕊发育；调控胚珠发育 Regulates floral organ and floral meristem development; maintains stamen development; regulates ovule development	[24⇓-26]
OsMADS4	调控水稻雄蕊发育Regulates rice stamen development	[22]
OsMADS5	调控小穗形态建成；调控水稻穗发育；抑制根的伸长；限制花序分枝 Regulates spikelet morphogenesis; regulates rice spike development; inhibits root elongation; limits inflorescence branching	[27⇓-29]
OsMADS6	促进胚乳中养分积累；调控花器官和分生组织发育；促进提前开花；决定内稃发育，影响水稻产量和品质；维持外稃发育 Promotes nutrient accumulation in endosperm; regulates development of floral organs and meristematic tissues; promotes early flowering; determines palea development; affects rice yield and quality; maintains lemma development	[30⇓-32]
OsMADS7	调控穗发育; 在高温下维持直链淀粉含量稳定；调控开花时间 Regulates spike development; maintains stable amylose content at high temperatures; regulates flowering time	[33⇓-35]
OsMADS8	参与绒毡层的发育；调节花器官发育和种子萌发 Involved in the development of tapetum; regulates floral organ development and seed germination	[33,36]
OsMADS13	调控胚珠发育；确定花器官和分生组织形成 Regulates ovule development; determines the formation of floral organs and meristematic tissues	[37-38]
OsMADS14	参与贮藏淀粉的合成Involved in storage starch synthesis	[39]
OsMADS15	调控生殖习性Regulates reproductive habits	[17]
OsMADS16	调控花器官发育Regulates floral organ development	[40]
OsMADS17	参与花器官发育；增加穗粒数和粒重Involved in floral organ development; increases grain number and grain weight	[31,41]
OsMADS18	诱导提前开花；调控花序分生组织和植物形态建成；参与ABA响应 Induces early flowering; regulates inflorescence meristem organization and plant morphogenesis; involved in ABA response	[42-43]
OsMADS22	参与BR响应；调控花器官发育Involved in BR response; regulates floral organ development	[44-45]
OsMADS23	调控干旱和盐胁迫耐受性; 调节植株缺水耐受性 Regulates drought and salt stress tolerance; regulates plant water deficit tolerance	[46-47]
OsMADS25	调节根的生长发育以及耐盐性Regulates root growth and development and salt tolerance	[48⇓-50]
OsMADS26	参与稻瘟病菌和白叶枯病菌的抗性以及耐旱性 Involved in resistance to Magnaporthe grisea and Xanthomonas oryzae, and drought tolerance	[51-52]
OsMADS27	调节根的生长发育以及耐盐性Regulates root development and salt tolerance	[53-54]
OsMADS29	控制水稻种子发育过程中母体组织细胞的退化；调控胚和胚乳的发育 Controls the degeneration of maternal tissue cells during rice seed development; regulates embryo and endosperm development	[55-56]
OsMADS32	调控花器官发育Regulates floral organ development	[57⇓-59]
OsMADS34	调控花序和小穗发育；限制花序分枝；调控籽粒大小和产量；维持空颖壳 Regulates inflorescence and spikelet development; restricts inflorescence branching; regulates grain size and yield; maintains empty glumes	[27,60⇓⇓ -63]
OsMADS47	调控初生根、胚芽鞘发育，影响叶倾角 Regulates development of primary roots and embryo sheaths; affects leaf inclination angle	[64]
OsMADS50	调控长日照开花; 导致愈伤期的极度早花 Regulates flowering in long days; leads to extremely early flowering at the callus stage	[65-66]
OsMADS51	调控短日照开花Regulates short-day flowering	[67]
OsMADS55	调控水稻分蘖和籽粒大小Regulates tillering and grain size in rice	[45,68]
OsMADS56	调控长日照开花; 调控籽粒大小和千粒重 Regulates flowering in long sunlight; regulates grain size and thousand-grain weight	[66,69]
OsMADS57	调控低温和高盐耐受性；调控株高发育、穗颈节间伸长和分蘖；调节长距离氮素转运和根系伸长 Regulates low temperature and high salt tolerance; regulates plant height development, internode elongation and tillering; regulates long distance nitrogen transport and root elongation	[70⇓-72]
OsMADS58	调控花器官发育Regulates floral organ development	[40,73]
OsMADS60	调控籽粒大小；调控株高；调控长日照开花Regulates grain sizet; regulates plant height; regulates long day flowering	[74]
OsMADS62	参与调控花粉萌发Involved in regulating pollen germination	[75-76]
OsMADS63	参与调控花粉萌发Involved in regulating pollen germination	[75-76]
OsMADS68	参与调控花粉萌发Involved in regulating pollen germination	[75-76]