贝莱斯芽胞杆菌BPC37的鉴定与防病促生效果分析

doi:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0934

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的明确贝莱斯芽胞杆菌BPC37的生物学特性及其在植物防病促生中的应用潜力，为微生物菌剂研发提供优质菌株资源与理论依据。方法通过形态观察、16S rRNA基因测序、全基因组平均核苷酸同源性（ANI）和DNA-DNA杂交（DDH）分析对菌株进行鉴定；采用平板对峙法测定抑菌活性，结合盆栽试验评估对生菜软腐病的防治效果；通过特定培养基筛选与定量测定分析菌株耐盐碱能力、生物膜形成能力、吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）产量及溶磷、解钾、产酶特性；利用盆栽试验验证对生菜和甘薯的促生效果，并通过全基因组测序挖掘抗病促生相关功能基因。结果 BPC37被鉴定为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌（Bacillus velezensis），对黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种等6种植物病原细菌具有显著拮抗作用，其中对Xanthomonas campestris campestris的抑菌圈直径达8.95 mm。BPC37处理后，生菜软腐病的发病率和病斑面积分别减少57.28%和52.98%，病情指数降低20%。该菌株可耐受10% NaCl及pH 5.0-9.0环境，能产生生物膜、IAA（4.8 μg/mL）、纤维素酶和蛋白酶。盆栽试验显示，接种BPC37使生菜鲜重增加66.28%、干重增加50.12%，甘薯块根鲜重增加14.50%。全基因组分析发现20个抗病相关基因（涉及杆菌烯、杆菌溶素等合成）和29个促生相关基因（涉及生物膜形成、IAA合成等）。结论贝莱斯芽胞杆菌BPC37具备优良的防病促生特性和耐盐碱能力，基因组中携带丰富的功能基因，可作为微生物菌剂研发的优良候选菌株。

关键词: 贝莱斯芽胞杆菌, 菌株BPC37, 防病促生, 耐盐碱, 全基因组

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to clarify the biological characteristics of Bacillus velezensis BPC37 and its application potential in plant disease prevention and growth promotion, providing high-quality strain resources and theoretical basis for microbial inoculant development. Method The strain was identified through morphological observation, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, whole-genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) and DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) analysis. Antibacterial activity was determined by plate confrontation method, and the control effect on lettuce soft rot was evaluated by pot experiment. Salt-alkali tolerance, biofilm formation ability, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, and characteristics of phosphate solubilization, potassium solubilization and enzyme production were analyzed by specific medium screening and quantitative determination. The growth-promoting effects on lettuce and sweet potato were verified by pot experiments, and disease resistance and growth-promoting related functional genes were mined through whole-genome sequencing. Result BPC37 was identified as Bacillus velezensis. It showed significant antagonistic effects against 6 species of plant pathogenic bacteria including Xanthomonas campestris campestris, with the inhibition zone diameter of 8.95 mm against X. campestris campestris. After treatment with BPC37, the incidence and lesion area of soft rot in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) decreased by 57.28% and 52.98% respectively, and the disease index dropped by 20%. The strain tolerated 10% NaCl concentration and pH 5.0-9.0 environment, and produced biofilm, IAA (4.8 μg/mL), cellulase and protease. Pot experiments showed that inoculation with BPC37 increased lettuce fresh weight by 66.28% and dry weight by 50.12%, and increased tuber fresh weight of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) by 14.50%. Whole-genome analysis revealed 20 disease resistance-related genes (involved in bacillaene, bacilysin synthesis, etc.) and 29 growth-promoting related genes (involved in biofilm formation, IAA synthesis, etc.). Conclusion Bacillus velezensis BPC37 has excellent disease prevention and growth promotion characteristics, salt-alkali tolerance, and carries abundant functional genes in its genome, which can be used as an excellent candidate strain for microbial inoculant development.

Key words: Bacillus velezensis, strain BPC37, disease prevention and growth promotion, salt and alkali tolerance, whole genome

苏艳艳, 左强, 宋志双, 穆琳英, 吕佳音, 肖自敏, 卢志军, 谢华. 贝莱斯芽胞杆菌BPC37的鉴定与防病促生效果分析[J]. 生物技术通报, 2026, 42(7): 269-279.

SU Yan-yan, ZUO Qiang, SONG Zhi-shuang, MU Lin-ying, LYU Jia-yin, XIAO Zi-min, LU Zhi-jun, XIE Hua. Identification and Functional Analysis of Disease Prevention and Growth Promotion of Bacillus velezensis BPC37[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2026, 42(7): 269-279.

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参考文献 39

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细菌 Bacteria	抑菌圈直径 Diameter of the inhibition zone （mm）
胡萝卜果胶杆菌 P. brasiliensis	2.42±0.13d
黑腐果胶杆菌 P. atrosepticum	4.1±0.76bc
黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种X. campestris campestris	8.95±0.57a
边缘假单胞菌 P. marginalis	4.36±0.37bc
青枯雷尔氏菌 R. solanacearum	4.69±0.56b
嗜酸菌属西瓜种 A. citrull	5.6±1.36b

细菌 Bacteria	抑菌圈直径 Diameter of the inhibition zone （mm）
胡萝卜果胶杆菌 P. brasiliensis	2.42±0.13d
黑腐果胶杆菌 P. atrosepticum	4.1±0.76bc
黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种X. campestris campestris	8.95±0.57a
边缘假单胞菌 P. marginalis	4.36±0.37bc
青枯雷尔氏菌 R. solanacearum	4.69±0.56b
嗜酸菌属西瓜种 A. citrull	5.6±1.36b

组别 Group	CK	BPC37
病情指数 Disease index	53.33±4.99a	42.67±1.86b
防效 Control efficiency （%）	-	20

组别 Group	CK	BPC37
病情指数 Disease index	53.33±4.99a	42.67±1.86b
防效 Control efficiency （%）	-	20

功能 Function	基因 Gene	基因 ID	产物 Product	参考文献 References
生物膜形成Biofilm formation	mcpA	Su5_03391	甲基接受性趋化蛋白	［17］
	mcpB	Su5_03394	甲基接受性趋化蛋白	［17］
	mcpC	Su5_00959	甲基接受性趋化蛋白	［17］
	cheA	Su5_02203	趋化蛋白	［18］
	csrA	Su5_03622	用于生物膜形成的碳储存调节蛋白	［19］
	rpoN	Su5_02365	用于生物膜形成的RNA聚合酶σ⁵⁴因子	［20］
	luxS	Su5_00931	用于群体感应和生物膜形成的S-核糖基高半胱氨酸裂解酶	［21］
	crr	Su5_00196	用于生物膜形成的糖特异性IIA组分	［22］
	hfq	Su5_02932	用于群体感应和生物膜形成的宿主因子-I蛋白	［23］
	iolU	Su5_03389	与生物膜形成相关的scyllo-肌醇2-脱氢酶（NADP⁺）	［24］
	ymcA	Su5_02262	生物膜形成	［23］
	sinR	Su5_00454	生物膜形成的主要调节因子	［8］
	sinI	Su5_00454	酰基高丝氨酸内酯合酶	［8］
	tasA	Su5_00457	TasA锚定/组装蛋白	［25］
	tapA	Su5_00457	TasA组装蛋白	［8］
亚精胺、多胺以及挥发性物质的生成 The production of spermidine， polyamines， and volatile substances	alsD	Su5_03558	乙酰乳酸脱羧酶	［26］
	ilvB	Su5_00708	乙酰乳酸合成酶	［26］
	acuC	Su5_00850	乙酰吲哚脱氢酶	［27］
	speE	Su5_01836	亚精胺合成酶	［28］
	pksS	Su5_02945	聚酮化合物生物合成细胞色素P450酶	［29］
IAA合成IAA systhesis	trpA	Su5_00237	色氨酸合成酶ɑ亚基	［30］
	trpB	Su5_00003	色氨酸合成酶β亚基	［30］
	trpC	Su5_00240	吲哚-3-甘油磷酸合成酶	［31］
	trpD	Su5_00241	邻氨基苯甲酸磷酸核糖转移酶	［31］
	trpE	Su5_00242	邻氨基苯甲酸合酶	［32］
	trpF	Su5_00239	邻氨基苯甲酸合酶	［33］
	ysnE	Su5_01769	N-乙酰转移酶	［21］
	aroA	Su5_00854	3-磷酸莽草酸/1-羧基乙烯基转移酶	［34］
	amiE	Su5_03358	酰胺酶家族	［35］
非核糖体途径次级代谢物 Non-ribosomal pathway secondary metabolites	baeB	Su5_02958	杆菌烯 bacillaene	［36］
	baeC	Su5_02957	杆菌烯 bacillaene	［36］
	baeD	Su5_02956	杆菌烯 bacillaene	［36］
	baeE	Su5_02955	杆菌烯 bacillaene	［36］
	bacA	Su5_01805	杆菌溶素 bacilysin	［37］
	bacB	Su5_01806	杆菌溶素 bacilysin	［37］
	bacC_2	Su5_01807	杆菌溶素 bacilysin	［37］
	bacD	Su5_01808	杆菌溶素 bacilysin	［37］
	bacE	Su5_01809	杆菌溶素 bacilysin	［37］
	bacF_2	Su5_01810	杆菌溶素 bacilysin	［37］
	bacG	Su5_01811	杆菌溶素 bacilysin	［37］
	pksG	Su5_02953	大环内酯菌素 macrolactin	［38］
	pksH	Su5_02952	大环内酯菌素 macrolactin	［38］
	pksF	Su5_01398	大环内酯菌素 macrolactin	［38］
	pksE	Su5_00369	大环内酯菌素 macrolactin	［38］
	pksI	Su5_00355	大环内酯菌素 macrolactin	［38］
	srfAA	Su5_03796	表面活性素 surfactin	［8］
	srfAB	Su5_02961	表面活性素 surfactin	［8］
	srfAC	Su5_02962	表面活性素 surfactin	［37］
	SrfAD	Su5_02962	表面活性素 surfactin	［37］