In order to explore the application effect and mechanism of Trichoderma longibracteatus fertilizer in maize cultivation,3 treatments,YJ（0.01 g bacterial fertilizer per g soil）,YF（0.07% chemical fertilizer）and YD（0.01 g bacterial fertilizer matrix per g soil）,were set up by pot method. The growth,physiology,soil nutrients,soil enzyme activities and rhizosphere microbial community of maize under different treatments were measured. The results showed that YJ and YF treatments significantly promoted the growth of maize,and there was significant difference between them and YD treatment（P<0.05）,but there was no significant difference between YJ and YF treatment （P>0.05）. Compared with YD treatment,YJ and YF treatment increased maize seedling height,root length,aboveground dry weight,underground dry weight,aboveground fresh weight and underground fresh weight by 44.65% and 39.87%,75.74% and 71.25%,83.33% and 33.33%,300% and 150.00%,101.85% and 55.56%,356.67% and 130.00%,respectively. Compared with YD treatment,YJ and YF treatment improved the physiological indexes of maize,and YJ treatment had more obvious promoting effect on the physiological indexes of maize（P<0.05）. Both YJ and YF treatments increased soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities in maize rhizosphere,and YJ treatment increased more than YF treatment. The results showed that YJ treatment increased the number of fungal OTU and reduced the number of bacterial OTU in maize rhizosphere soil（P<0.05）. YF treatment increased the number of bacterial OTU in rhizosphere soil,but decreased the number of fungal OTU. In conclusion,compared with chemical fertilizer,T. longibracteatus fertilizer has a more obvious positive effect on maize growth,physiology,soil nutrients,soil enzyme activity and soil microbial community. It is expected to replace chemical fertilizer in whole or in part in the future,and reduce the consumption of inorganic chemical fertilizer while promoting maize growth.
