The discovery and use of Aspergillus fungi have been a long history,while its taxonomy constantly changes. According to articles of ‘International code of nomenclature for algae,fungi and plants’（Melbourne Code,July,2011）,“one fungus,one name,1F1N” has been applied to fungi since January 1,2013. It changed the rule of that the fungi could have multiple names and teleomorph could represent the holomorph,which had a great impact on Aspergillus taxonomy. Since then,Aspergillus and its related genera had been systematically revised on a large scale in the world. The new revisions paid more attention to the results of molecular phylogeny,and the standard modern polyphasic methods recommended for Aspergillusclassification mainly included：I. Molecular biology by determining universal ITS rDNA molecular barcode and specific second barcode（calmodulin CaM,β-tubulin BenA and RNA polymerase II second subunit RPB2,etc.）;II. morphological characteristics（substrate,standard medium,incubation conditions,colony,conidial head,ascospores,etc.）;III. extrolite analysis（toxins,enzymes,organic acids,antibiotics and other secondary metabolites,etc.）. The modern classification of Aspergillus formed by the new classification system retainsAspergillus as the only legal generic name,including 446 species,subdivided in 6 subgenera,27 sections and 75 series,Aspergillus glaucus was the type species. All related teleomorphic genera and species（names）were abolished,combined,or removed independently. In this paper,we briefly summarized the taxonomic history of Aspergillus,focusing on revision changes,modern taxonomy and genome-wide analysis techniques of Aspergillus in its study under the influence of new article of Melbourne Code,also including some comments and suggestions about present research status of Aspergillus in China. The purpose of this study is to provide reference for the standardization of classification,nomenclature,use of legal names,and the mining of Aspergillus fungi and gene resources.
