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Table of Content

    20 March 2013, Volume 0 Issue 3
    Reviews and Monographs
    Advance in Sugarcane Transgenic Breeding
    Gan Yimei, Zhang Shuzhen, Zeng Fanyun, Feng Cuilian, Yang Benpeng
    2013, 0(3):  1-9. 
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    The genetic complexity of sugarcane coupled with the nonavailability of fertility and excellent resource in the germplasm bring has made conventional breeding in sugarcane difficult. Alternatively, transgenic technology has become a handy tool for imparting objective traits to an elite variety which is otherwise superior for most other agronomic traits. A number of transgenic sugarcane lines have been developed with genes expressing insect resistance, disease resistance, sugar improvement, herbicide resistance, recombination protein. In this review, genetic improvement for important agronomic traits, transgenic problem and biosafety were highlighted. Also, perspectives were discussed to analyze the research direction of transgenic breeding in sugarcane.
    Progress and Prospect of Azuki Bean Biotechnologies Research
    Gao Yiping, Dong Fushuang, Wang Haibo
    2013, 0(3):  10-14. 
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    Adzuki bean is one of the most important grain crops, its research and application of biotechnology is gradually deepening. The biotechnology research advances of azuki bean was reviewed from DNA and cell level in this paper, which include germplasm evaluation, genetic linkage map construction, gene clone and genetic transformation, tissue culture, while the existing problems and future development trend were discussed.
    Research Advance on Effect of Drought Stress on Mineral Elements of Plant
    Bai Yanbo, Li Jiao, Zhang Baolong, Xin Shigang, Bu Ning, Ma Lianju, Li Xuemei
    2013, 0(3):  15-18. 
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    The plant essential mineral elements play an important role in the process of plant growth and development, different environment stress will be affected the absorption of mineral elements in plants. At the beginning, the paper describes absorption, transportation and utilization of mineral elements by plant, then, it reviews the effect of pretreatment and drought stress on mineral elements of plant, and summarizes the internal cause of change of each elements, it is useful to study the ionomics in the future research.
    Regulatory Mechanisms of C4 Photosynthesis
    Gong Xiuxiu, Wang Kai, Dong Wen, Ding Jianfeng, Ma Xiuling
    2013, 0(3):  19-23. 
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    Now, C3 crops rice can not satisfy human food, however, C4 plants photosynthetic utilization rate is high, grain yield is high, so people may apply C4 photosynthesis to C3 plants rice to raise the efficiency of photosynthesis, to increase production. The regulatory mechanisms of C4 photosynthesis is certain cell specific. This paper introduces and analyses the regulatory mechanisms of C4 photosynthesis and also discusses Setaria viridis has great potential to serve as a model for the genetic dissection of C4 photosynthesis.
    Gene Silencing in Planarian
    Wu Xue, Yuan Jinduo, Zhao Nannan, Yang Guiwen, An Liguo
    2013, 0(3):  24-29. 
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    Planarians have powerful capability of regenerating complete organisms from tiny fragments of their bodies, it’s a classic experimental model for investigating metazoan and has been revitalized by the application of modern molecular biological approaches. Gene silencing, which means special gene not expressing in organisms by some exogenous or endogenous reason. At present, RNA interference is a potent means to induce gene silencing in planarian and could play an important role in developmental biology and molecular biology. Gene silence mediated by exogenous or endogenous factors in planarians were reviewed in this paper, which is helpful for understanding of the molecular mechanisms of regeneration in planarian.
    Research on Curdlan Synthesized by Agrobacterium sp.ATCC31749
    Yu Xiaoqin, Wu Yixin, He Yueqiu, Mao Zichao
    2013, 0(3):  30-36. 
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    Curdlan is a high molecular β-1, 3-glucan with unique gel nature. Curdlan and it’s modified molecule were used as new materials applied widely in industries of food, pharmaceutics and chemical engineering, resulting in the growing of curdlan demand year by year. Agrobacterium sp. ATCC31749 is an efficient industrious strain for curdlan production. This review summarized the advance of the fermentation and physiology of curdlan biosynthesis of the strain. By combining with ATCC31749 genomic information and proteomics study, we focus on signal transduction and regulation, energy producing and metabolic pathway of this special polysaccharides biosynthesis ;then analyze the restriction factor for curlan synthesis and propose the strategies for how to improve the strain and optimize fermentation procedures.
    Research Progress of Clostridium cellulovorans Cellulosome
    Li Junxia, Zhang Rijun, Chen Dongdong
    2013, 0(3):  37-43. 
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    Cellulose, the main structural component of plant cell walls, is extremely difficult degrade. Cellulases play an important role in the degradation of cellulosic materials, which have been found either as free enzymes or as a large extracellular enzyme complex called the cellulosome. Cellulosomes consist of non-enzymatic scaffolding protein(s)and cellulosomal enzyme subunits. The scaffolding protein contains cohesins for the cellulosomal enzyme subunits which have various defferent functions and invariably contain a cohesin-binding site named dockerin. The composition, function, and gene cluster of Clostridium cellulovorans cellulosome were reviewed here, and the research advances in biotechnology were also summarized, aiming to provide some basic information for the studies of other cellulosomes, the constructions of minicellulosomes with precise functions and the applications in biotechnology.
    Mechanism of Immuno-regulation Activity of Calreticulin
    Wu Wei, Liu Chaoqi
    2013, 0(3):  44-47. 
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    Calreticulin (CRT) is a 46 kD Ca2+-binding resident protein which regulates cellular Ca2+ concentration and enhances angtigen presentation and inhibits angiogenesis. The review has shown that calreticulin is involved in molecular mechanism of immuno-regulation activity of calreticulin by clearance of apoptotic cells and angtigen presentation and signal transduction and humoral immunity and is expected to provide theory and experiment foundation for the pathogenic mechanisms and immune interventions of CRT.
    Techniques and methods
    Technology of RNAi and Its Application in Plant Research
    Wang Tingting, Wang Dandan, Rahman Laibi Chelab, Kang Dan, You Tengfei, Sui Anping, Yang Xingyong
    2013, 0(3):  48-52. 
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    RNA interference(RNAi)belongs to the post-transcriptional gene silencing phenomenon in which double-stranded RNA triggers the degradation of homologous mRNA, thereby specific to suppression the corresponding gene expression. RNAi is a phenomenon that commonly existed in organisms, and it has become one of the hotspots of scientific research in 21st century. In recent years, RNAi plays a more and more important role in plant functional genomics. We reviewed characteristics and action mechanism of RNAi, as well as the research progress in aspects including the plant gene function analysis, the crop variety improvement and the resistance to disease or pests, in order to provide reference for RNAi application in plant research.
    Research report
    UV-B Radiation Affects Protein Expression of the Wheat’s Leaf
    Qi Tingting, Duan Jiangyan
    2013, 0(3):  53-59. 
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    The reduction in average global ozone layer may cause the enhance of solar ultradiation adiation(UV-B)that reach to the ground surface. We selected the cash crops of winter wheat which grown in northern China to studied the influence of UV-B radiation on plants. Using the method of two-dimensional electrophoresis to analysis changes of the protein in wheat leaves by UV-B radiation. The results showed that wheat leaf protein of the first four days, eight days changes significantly. The two dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed 15 differentially expressed polypeptides, 3 of which were successful identified by mass spectrometry, including Copper/Zinc Superoxide dismutase, Calmodulin, Rubisco large subunit binding protein subunit alpha. The results showed that enhanced UV-B radiation can be regulating the gene encoding protein of wheat leaf to adjust plant growth.
    Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins of Embryo During Seed Germination in Wheat
    Liu Xiangbiao, Duan Jiangyan
    2013, 0(3):  60-64. 
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    In order to investigate the embryo protein expression of the wheat seeds germination, tow-dimensionsl gel electrophoresis (2-DE) technology was used to separated proteins from ungerminated seed and embryo buds of germinated seed at specific stages of 3h, 16h, 25h in wheat “Jinmai-47”. The results showed that on the 2-DE gels PDQuest image software detected about 127, 131, 135, 141 protein spots, of which 17 spots show more than 2.5-fold changes in abundance among ungerminated seed and embryo buds of germinated seed at specific stages of 3 h, 16 h, 25 h in wheat “Jinmai-47”. These 9 of 17 protein spots treated by mass spectrometry analysis, of which 4 differential proteins were elementarily identified as nucleoside two phosphoglycerate kinase Ⅰ , 17.5 kD heat shock protein, ATP synthase and LEA protein 27.
    Analysis of Seven Big Spike Types from the Hybrids of Wheat-Rye Substitution Lines by Morphology and SSR
    Jiang Luming, Tian Chao, Li Jilin, Zhang Yanming
    2013, 0(3):  65-69. 
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    We analyzed the big spike lines 1-5, 1-6, 1-7, 1-8, 1-9, 1-10 and 1-11 by morphology and SSR, which were bred from hybrids of wheat-rye substitution lines 5R/5A and 1R/1D. The results showed that the genetic performance of seven strains were stability, and had the good rye traits, such as big spike, resistance to disease. Seven lines contained genetic element of rye chromosome that were determined by ryespecific primers PSC119.1. The amplification results of primer SCM138 showed that 1-6, 1-7, 1-8, 1-9 and 1-10 contained chromatin of 5RS. The primer SCM120 and TSM604 could amplify rye specific fragment stably in seven lines that proved the lines contained the rye chromatin of 5RL and 1RS. These results provide the material foundation for wheat genetic breeding and quality improvement.
    P0 of Potato Leafroll Virus Suppress RNA Silencing and Its Interaction with AGO Protein
    Huo Xiaohui, Shen Yongmei, Liu Guofu, Cao Xuesong
    2013, 0(3):  70-76. 
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    P0 of Potato leafroll virus is encoded by the open reading frame1(ORF1). Here we show that P0 of Potato leafroll virus (PLRV)displays strong silencing suppressor activity in a transient expressin assay based upon its ability to inhibit PTGS of green flurescent protein(GFP)mRNA when expressed in agro-infitraten leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana containing a GFP transgene(16c).We found PLRV-P0 gene sequence containing two duplicate WG motif by sequence analysising. The 87 and 140 Tryptophan(W)of Potato leafroll virus P0 gene were mutated by Alanine(A)(named P0WA), the plant expression vector pCAMBIA1300-CE-P0, pCAMBIA1300-CE-P0WA was constructed. We found that there was green fluorescent under fluorescence microscopy after PLRV-P0 and AGO co-injection when expressed in agro-infiltraten leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana. However, there was not green fluorescent under fluorescence microscopy after PLRV-P0WA and AGO co-injection.We conclude that the PLRV-P0 interacted with AGO protein and repeated WG motif was the key amino acids.
    Evaluation and Optimization on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Mature Embryo in Millet(Tetaria italica)
    Yuan Jincheng, Liu Yinghui, Dong Zhiping
    2013, 0(3):  77-82. 
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    In this paper, four millet varieties “JI GU11”, “YU GU2”, “TIE GU5” and “SHI LI XIANG” seeds were used to induce calli, and the factors which influence callus induce rate and seedling regenerate rate were stuied. Variable frequencies of callus initiation were observed among the varieties. The vareity “JIGU11” exhibited high callus induction efficiency and selected for further study. Four media, three carbon sources at different concentrations, different concentrations of tryptophan, casein hydrolysate, gelrite and sorbitol were tested. The concentrations and combination of different hormones were also examined. The results suggested that the optimal callus induction medium was LS supplemented with 2 mg/L 2, 4-D combination with 1 mg/L ZT and 50 g/L maltose, 1 g/L casein hydrolysate, 50 mg/L tryptophan, 4% sorbitol and 0.5% gelrite. While maximum regeneration response was detected on MSB5 medium fortified with 0.5 mg/L NAA+2.0 mg/L 6-BA, 30 g/L maltose plus 4% sorbitol.
    Cloning and Bioinformation Analysiss of StSnRK2.1 Gene in Solanum tuberosum
    Liu Siyan, Mao Juan, Fan Aqi, Zhang Junlian, Wang Di, Bai Jiangping
    2013, 0(3):  83-89. 
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    SnRK2s plays an important role in the regulation when plants suffer from adervise environments. The full-length cDNA sequence of SnRK2.1 in Solanum tuberosum was successfully cloned by RT-PCR with the tube plant. The gene was named StSnRK2.1 and has been submitted to Genbank with the accession number JX280911.By bioinformation analysis, the results showed that the StSnRK2.1 has a complete ORF sequence is 1 008 bp, encoding 335 predicted amino acids. The protein molecular weight is 37.77 kD and theoretical pI is 5.37. In protein’s secondary structure, Alpha helix is 42.39%, Extended strand 16.42%, Bela turn is 7.46%, Random coil is 33.73%. Also, the protein is drophilicity, haven’t transmembrane. It is probably exit in the cytoplasm and microbody by subcellular localization prediction of protein. There are seven serine sites, two threonine sites, three tyrosine sites, so it is putative that the StSnRK2.1 is related to plant’s tolerance in abiotic stress.
    Comparasion of RNA Editing in Plant Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
    Wan Ping
    2013, 0(3):  90-95. 
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    In plants, the process of RNA editing occurs in organelles chloroplasts and mitochondria. In this work, we analyzed the 4 892 mitochondrial RNA editing sites and 1 228 chloroplastic RNA editing sites of non-vascular and vascular land plants in features of(1)the probabilities of amino acid transitions, (2)the probabilities of codon transitions, (3)the probabilities of positions of editing site occurring in the codon, (4)the probabilities of the occurrence of four bases at the minus 1 position near the RNA editing site, and(5)the probabilities of the occurrence of four bases at the plus 1 position near the RNA editing site. We find that in eudicot, the probabilities of amino acid transitions and the probabilities of codon transitions are both significantly different between mitochondrial and chloroplast RNA editing.
    Genetic Diversity and Clustering Analysis on 48 Olive Cultivars
    Chen Haiyun, Chen Shaoyu, Ning Delu, Li Rui, Li Yongjie, Mao Yunling, Wu Tao
    2013, 0(3):  96-101. 
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    Inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR)molecular markers were applied to analyze genetic diversity and clustering of 48 introduced and breeding olive cultivars. 106 bands were amplified by 11 selected primers,among which 99 bands were polymorphic. Percentage of polymorphic loci was 93.40%,which showed a rich genetic diversity in the collection. Based on Nei’s genetic distances,dendrogram of 48 cultivars was constructed through unweighted pair-group method(UPMGA). 48 cultivars were clustered into 4 main groups. 84.6% of native select and breeding cultivars were clustered into 2 groups and most of introduced cultivars were clustered based on their directly introducing places and main usage. The results will provide references for olive resource utilization and further genetic improving.
    Molecular Identification of Hybrid Clones Between Populus deltoides Bartr. and P. ussuriensis Kom.
    Jiang Xibing, Zhang Zhiyi, Gong Bangchu
    2013, 0(3):  102-106. 
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    Molecular identification of 12 hybrid clones were carried out using primer combinations of EcoR I + 2 / Mse I + 3 by adopting AFLP marker technology. The results were as followeds: 10 primer combinations with more amplification bands were selected from 32 primer combinations, the total number of bands were between 7 and 52, number of polymorphism bands were from 2 to 28, polymorphism level of those primer combinations were from 23.5% to 41.6%, and lower level of polymorphism bands and proportion showed that the relationships of the samples were closed. The results of UPGMA cluster analysis and pedigree relations of 12 clones were the same, which indicated that clones with the same parents had higher genetic similarity coefficient. The fingerprinting map of 12 hybrid clones were draw using 9 polymorphism bands from 6 primer combinations, which would provide bases of identification and protection for hybrid clones.
    Isolation,Culture and Identification of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell
    Cui Xinjie, Wang Ting, Liu Bingchun, Tao Lin, Wang Xiao
    2013, 0(3):  107-113. 
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    It was to set up a simple, economic and pure method to culture and identify bovine mammary epithelial cell(BMEC)in vitro, which were collected from centrifuging the fresh milk. Then, the cell growth curve, keratin8, keratin18, Beta casein and karyotype were identified. After three days, several cells grew together, and the shape looked like typical paving stones. At the same time, there were also a few phagocytes. Continue to culture several days, all cells grew together, and there were some emulsion droplets secreted to the outside of the cells with almost all phagocytes transferring into the emulsion droplets. When the cells were propagated, all phagocytes were disappeared. The cell growth curve was “S”. Keratin8, Keratin18 and Beta casein had been detected through the method of RT-PCR. Keratin8 were also detected by immunohistochemistry. The karyotype result was the same as bovine’s.
    Effects of Self-compounding DMEM/F12 Medium on Biological Function in Primary Cultured Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells
    Zhang Xingfu, Du Ruiping, Gao Min, Ao Changjin, Lu Dexun, Cao Qina
    2013, 0(3):  114-119. 
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    The purpose of this study was to exam if the self-compounding medium had negative effects on the biological function of bovine mammary epithelial cells and offered foundation for further experiments.The differences between self-compounding medium and DMEM/F12 medium in this experiment were compared based on determination of cell proliferation, lactating genes expression and casein synthesis. The proliferation of BMEC cultured in self-compounding medium was higher significantly than that of DMEM/F12 medium(P < 0.0001). The CSN1S1 and CSN3 genes expression of BMEC cultured in self-compounding medium increased significantly(P < 0.05)and up-regulated 3.57-fold and 3.27-fold, respectively. There were no significance of the CSN1S2, CSN2 gene expression and αS-casein, β-casein synthesis(P >0.05).Compared with DMEM/F12 medium, self-compounding medium had no negative effects on the lactating genes expression and the casein synthesis, and the further study on effects of different amino acid patterns on lactating genes expression and casein synthesis.
    Ants Gene in Common Carp(Cyprinus carpio,Cyprinidae)and Impact on Scale Development
    Cheng Anda, Jiang Li, Zhang Baoyong, Wang Shu, Zhang Yan, Liu Yongxin, Fang Ping, Li Hengde, Sun Xiaowen,
    2013, 0(3):  120-128. 
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    ants(adenine nucleotide translocator), also called ATP/ADP carrier, mediates the exchange of ADP and ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus playing an essential role in energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells. Genefishing differental display Technique was used to screen different expression products in the transcript level in common carp and germany mirror carp, and obtained a partial sequence of ants gene. To fish for all the expressing ants products in the skin of common carp, RT-PCR was performed, and we obtained 6 different CDS sequences. CLUSTALW was applied to align the translated amino acid sequences and discovered that these 6 CDS can code 4 different amino acid sequences, indicated that ants genes have at least 6 different transcripts, but have 4 different protein products in protein level. Aligned these 2013年第3期121 程安达等:鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio,Cyprinidae)ants 基因及其对鳞片发育的影响 ants(adenine nucleotide translocators), 又称为 ATP/ADP 载体,可以调节ATP 和ADP 在线粒体内 膜上的转运,所以在真核细胞的能量代谢中扮演着 重要的角色
    [1-3]。ants 作为线粒体内膜的组成部分, 是线粒体中最丰富的一类蛋白。在呼吸条件下,线 粒体内产生的ATP 被转运到胞质来维持细胞活动, 作为交换,线粒体外部的ADP 被转运进入线粒体内, 为在ATP 合成酶的作用下ADP 转变为ATP 提供底 物。ants 属于线粒体载体家族(mitochondrial carrier family),这个家族可以进行各种各样的跨线粒体内 膜的转运活动
    [3,4]。 ant 家族的蛋白是由核基因编码的,表达之后 定位到线粒体内膜中。营自由生活的细菌缺少与ant 相似的分子,所以认为ant 蛋白是由真核起源的广 泛特异的载体家族进化来的
    [5]。大多数真核生物, 包括单细胞真核生物,都具有多个ant 基因。例如, 出芽酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 有3 个ant 基 因(ant1,ant2 和ant3)可以编码蛋白质
    [6]。其中, ant2 是最主要的同工型,无论是呼吸过程还是厌氧 发酵过程,都是广泛表达的
    [7]。ant1 和ant3 分别特 异的在有氧和厌氧的条件下表达
    [6,8]。此外,ant2 和ant3 在丢失线粒体基因组的情况下仍能转运ATP 来维持酵母的生存,而ant1 则无此功能
    [9]。因此, 不同的ant 基因可能是被用来输入和输出ATP 以有 效地应对外部的营养和氧气条件的变化。有趣的是 啤酒酵母(S. cerevisiae)的ant1 基因具有比ant2 和 ant3 更高的碱基累计替换率
    [10],这与ant1 基因在复 制之后发生了功能上的变化的观点一致。 多细胞生物体中,在不同类型的组织,不同的 发育时期以及不同的细胞增殖状态下,ant 基因的 表达都是不同的。大多数脊椎动物都可以表达3 个 不同的旁系同源的ant 基因,它们表现出较高程度 的序列相似性。其中,ant1(Slc25a4)主要在心脏 和骨骼肌中表达,可以假定它可以适应心脏和骨骼 肌中ATP 的快速代谢
    [11]。ant2(Slc25a5) 和ant3 (Slc25a6)在躯体组织中广泛表达,然而,ant2 在 哺乳动物快速生长的细胞中表达量较高,是有变化 的,而ant3 似乎是在所有组织中组成性的表达,其 表达量无太多变化
    [12,13]。啮齿类动物缺少ant3 基因, 其ant2 基因很可能同时承担了人类上ant2 和ant3 基 因的功能
    [14,15]。在哺乳动物中,还存在第4 种ant 家族基因ant4(Slc25a31),它是在人和小鼠中首先 被发现的
    [16-18]。它可以选择性地在成熟哺乳动物的 睾丸和精子中表达,且在小鼠(mouse)精子发生过 程中是必需的,但在鸟类、鱼类、蛙中却是缺少的
    [19]。 ant4 可以在成熟小鼠睾丸中的生殖细胞中特异表达, 且在减数分裂时期,其表达量特别的高
    [20]。 鳞的形成是个极其复杂的生物学过程,可能需 要成千上万的基因参与其中。ant 作为ATP/ADP 转 运载体,可以为各个细胞的活动运送能量,它在鳞 形成过程中可能发挥必不可少的作用。为了研究鳞 形成的分子机制,我们利用Genefishing 技术特异地 钓取了鲤皮肤组织中的ant 基因,经过克隆测序鉴 定并进行初步的生物信息学分析来解析ant 基因的 基本特征,并通过原位杂交技术对该基因在鳞被形 成过程中的表达进行分析,以此证明ant 基因与鳞 被发育的相关性。 1 材料与方法 1.1 材料 用于提取RNA 的鲤鱼样品以及用来做原位杂交 的幼鱼都来自于中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研 究所松浦实验基地和无锡淡水研究中心。提取RNA 的鲤鱼样品用新鲜的鲤鱼皮肤组织,Trizol 试剂购自 4 different amino acid sequences and that of the zebrafish ant2 using blastp on NCBI, found that the percent identities were 97%, 97%, 96%, 98%, respectively. A phylogenetic tree of ants isoforms from common carp and other species located in different taxonomy status was constructed, and showed that these 4 protein products were obviously classified as ant2 with a 93/100 reproducibility, so the ant gene expressed in skin are likely to ant2. The result of Wholemount in situ hybridization revealed that ant2 is intensively expressed specifically in epiboly(10 hours after fertilization), somite(24 hours after fertilization)and the regions where the scales were developing in skin, but in other regions weak and dispersed expression were detected. According to the above results, we can infer that ant2 likely subtly regulated the development of the scales via different transcripts(isoforms).
    Expression and Antibody Preparation of Plutella xylostella Granulovirus PP31
    Wang Simin, Zhang Hongjie, Li Lulin
    2013, 0(3):  129-133. 
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    Baculovirus PP31 is a phosphoprotein that could combine with DNA. The pp31 gene presents in all of the genomes of lepidopteran baculoviruses sequenced to date. In this study, Plutella xylostella pp31 gene was PCR-amplified and cloned into an expression vector pET28a, and transformed into the E. coli BL21(DE3). In the transformed bacterial cells, induced by IPTG, a His-tagged PP31 protein with a size of 29 kD was expressed, which was purified using ProbondTM resin. Polyclonal antibodies against PlxyGV PP31 were prepared by immunizing a New Zealand rabbit with the purified his-tagged PP31. Western blot analysis showed that the antiserum had high titer and specificity and could be used in study of PP31.
    Prokaryotic Expression and Polyclonal Antibody Preparation of Intended Spider Dragline Silk-like Peptide Gene Monomer(S)
    Meng Fanhua, Fang Jun, Wang Haitao, Xing Yanping, Qi Yu, Zhou Huanmin
    2013, 0(3):  134-138. 
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    This research, through prokaryotic expression to get intended spider dragline silk protein to prepare specific antibody, would lay the foundation for detecting its expression in eukaryotic cell. Using plasmid pGEX-2T as original vector, we constructed the prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-S into the MCS(multiple clone sites)of an artificial synthesized spider dragline silk protein gene inserted. Then we induced the expression of the recombinant plasmid pGEX-S in Escherichia coli competent cells B21 with the utilization of IPTG. Recombinant protein was purified by the means of GST-tag-specific affinity to gain S-GST protein. The specific antibody was prepared by immunizing mouse CDⅠ. After immune collect serum, ELISA was employed. The expression vector pGEX-S coding sequence is right after analysis. The western blot show the recombinant protein band appears at 41 kD. ELISA results indicated that two of mouse A and F have better immunoreactivity. The study proved the successful preparation of specific polyclonal antibody through prokaryotic expression.
    The Production and Application of TRIP-1 Antibody
    Zhang Honglin,g Wan Jun, Dong Yichen, Cao Wei, Zhang Xinsheng, Zhang Jinxie, Huang Laiqiang
    2013, 0(3):  139-143. 
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    To produce antibody against the TGF-β type II receptor binding protein, TRIP-1, contributing to study TRIP-1’s function in TGF-β signaling pathway and cancer development. Human’s TRIP-1 gene was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector of pET-His, and then transformed into E. coli BL21 to induce TRIP-1 protein expression. Purified TRIP-1 protein was used to immunize New Zealand rabbits and Kunming mice(KM). The serum was removed and the titer and affinity was determined after immunization 4 times. The antiserum was highly purified by proteinG. Results indicated that the titer of the anti-serum from murine and rabbit are high enough for Western blot and immunofluorescence assay.
    Recombinant Expression,Purification and Antimicrobial Activity of SMAP-29
    Zheng Qiushi, Duan Chenxi, Tao Fengyun
    2013, 0(3):  144-148. 
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    It was to express active recombination SMAP-29 antibacterial peptides by genetic engineering technology. Optimization smap- 29 gene sequences according to Escherichia coli preference codon usage and adding enterokinase recognition sites at N-terminus and stop codon at C-terminus of the target peptide sequence. The DNA sequence was synthesized by chemical technology and inserted into the pET-28a (+)expression vector through the EcoR I and Hind III sites. Recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)harboring pET28a-smap29 recombinant vector by IPTG induced, and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. SMAP-29 peptide was released by enterokinase cleavage of the fusion protein and its antibacterial activity was detected. Results showed SMAP-29 recombinant fusion protein with 6×His tag and enterokinase recognition sites was expressed in inclusion body form, and the fusion protein can by purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. SMAP-29 peptide was released from fusion protein by enterokinase cleavaging. The minimum inhibition concentration(MIC) of SMAP-29 against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans was 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L, respectively.
    Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Actin Gene from Energy Plant Euphorbia lathyris
    Li Chunxia, Yao Zhengying, Zhang Weiming, Sun Lijun
    2013, 0(3):  149-154. 
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    Actins exist widely in plants. In this study, homologous cloning and RACE technology were employed to obtain the Actin fulllength cDNA sequence of Euphorbia lathyris (named ElActin, GenBank accession No. KC182753). Sequence analysis showed that ElActin contained a 1 134 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 377 amino acid residues, a 5'-UTR of 247 bp and a 3'-UTR of 362 bp. Compared with other plants, the homology of nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence is above 82% and 97%, respectively.
    Sequence Analysis of Amino Terminus of mOmpA from Antibiotic Resistant Escherichia coli
    Zhao Zhiping, Nie Xin, Li Zaixin, Ding Jie, Zhang Zhi, Xie Wanru
    2013, 0(3):  155-159. 
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    In the present study, we amplified the mOmpA from an isolated antibiotic resistant E. coli strain and subsequently constructed the expression vector pET32a-mOmpA. DNA sequence alignment analysis indicated that the amino terminus of the mOmpA shared 79.93% homology with the OmpA. The mOmpA amino terminus was 81.17% identical to that of the OmpA. Protein structure predication analysis through Swiss-Model suggested that the loops orientation of mOmpA N-termunus was dramatically changed compared with OmpA. Our present study promotes to better understand the structure and functions of E. coli OmpA and E. coli antibiotic resistance mechanisms.
    Construction and Analysis of Vip3A Insecticidal Protein Random Recombination Library
    Zhang Ning, Liu Rongmei, Shu Changlong, Zhang Jie, Li Haitao, Gao Jiguo
    2013, 0(3):  160-165. 
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    VIPs(Vegetative Insecticidal Proteins)from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)are a new class of insecticidal proteins, which enrich the insecticidal spectrum of Bt, and which are important proteins for plant protection. In order to improve the insecticidal activity and expand the insecticidal spectrum of the VIPs, the homologous recombination of vip3Aa39 and vip3Aa11 were completed by Gateway technology, and the products were cloned into the entry vector pDONR221, constructing a mutant library. Result showed 42 recombinant plasmids of different genotypes and 22 mutants of different protein sequences were obtained. The construction and the analysis of the random mutation library makes it possible for getting the Vip proteins with high insecticidal activity, widely insecticidal spectrum and insecticidal specific mechanism research.
    Effect of Silver Nitrate on Agrobacterium Mediated Genetic Transformation of Cassava
    Guo Yunling, Yin Qi, Kong Hua, Huang Qixing, Zuo Jiao, He Lika, Guo Anping
    2013, 0(3):  166-170. 
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    It was to improve the conversion efficiency of cassava genetic transformation. The effect of silver nitrate on the Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation of cassava was assessed by the maturation of 10-15 days of Southern China cassava SC8 embryoid cotyledon as explants. The results showed that silver nitrate could improve the regeneration frequency and reduce callus formation in SC8. The use of silver nitrate at concentrations between 2 and 8 mg/L increased shoot organogenesis frequency from 58.5% to 87.5% while callus formation decreased from 92% to 15.3% without the Agrobacterium cocultivation ;and shoot organogenesis frequency increased from 55.3% to 85.3% while callus formation decreased from 87.5% to 8.5% with Agrobacterium cocultivation. Meantime, the silver nitrate optimum concentration of adventitious buds induction by the Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation was higher than that without the Agrobacterium treatment, the former was 8 mg/L, the latter was 6 mg/L. The application of silver nitrate can stimulate cassava SC8 genetic transformation.
    Preliminary Study for Antimicrobial Activity and Identification of Antagonistic Actinomyces T151
    Li Xiaofeng, Li Shuying, Nie Ying, Du Huan, Yang Fan, Tong Dalei, Wei Riqing, Zhao Zhonglin, Tang Xuanming
    2013, 0(3):  171-174. 
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    Actinomyces T151, isolated from soil in Hainan province, was identified and screened for antimicrobial activity. T151 was designated as a new strain of Streptomyces according to the observation of SEM morpholiogical and analysis of 16S rDNA sequence. Its fermentation broth exhibited inhibition effect against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Rhizopus. The fermentation broth was still owned high antimicrobial activity under 100℃ for 30 min or pH5-11.
    Screening and Primary Identification of an Aerobic Denitrifier Isolate with Salt Tolerance
    Shi Xiaotong, Li Yanqin, Xing Gongwei, Kang Xianjiang
    2013, 0(3):  175-180. 
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    Selective enrichment culture method under oxygen conditions was used for screening bacteria,the 4 strains which have capability of aerobic denitrification was isolated from a shrimp pond. A strong denitrifying effect bacteria was selected from them(F1). The bacterium reduced the concentrations of nitrate nitrogen rapidly from 442.28 mg/L to 58.28 mg/L, nitrite nitrogen from 32.79 mg/L to 0.98 mg/L with 40 h in aerobic conditions. It identified as Halomonas sp. based on its biochemical and morphological characters. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences indicated that strain F1 was most closely related to Halomonas alimentaria. The denitrification mainly occurs in the logarithmic growth phase.
    Screening and Application of the Antagonistic Bacterium HY32 Against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
    Lu Zongyan, Zhou Guoying, Chen Yuhua, Yan Faling, Yan Ruikun, Wu Nan
    2013, 0(3):  181-185. 
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    We isolated pathogenic bacteria by means of tissue isolation. Through morphology, pathogenicity determination and phylogenetic analysis, it showed that the cause of fir anthrax pathogen is Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Acquisition of Sugiki Kenkosugimie, through the flat confrontation method screening, fermentation liquid compound sieve, we got 1 strains with strong antagonistic activity of bacteria, numbered HY32, bacteriostasis diameter achieving above of 10 mm, fermentation broth bacteriostasis activity up to 81.7%. Culture tests showed it had strong antagonistic activity to 4 plant pathogens(Cunninghamia lanceolata, Agaricodochium camellia, Fusarium proliferatum, Pestalotio psismicrospor). Through indoor potted test of the HY32, the results showed that compared with the control group the HY32 has significant control effect against Chinese fir anthracnose, reaching 60.0%.
    Prokaryotic Expression and Purification of Metastasis Suppressor Gene KISS-1 and NM23-H1
    Zuo Fanglei, Feng Xiujuan, Chen Shangwu
    2013, 0(3):  186-191. 
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    Metastasis suppressor gene KISS-1 and NM23-H1 were cloned from human placenta and breast cancer cell,share 100% identity with that published in GenBank. NM23-H1 was successfully expressed in E.coli, the major amount of protein was soluble, accounting for more than 50% of total protein, the purified protein has 90% purity ;however, KISS-1 should be fused to the sequence from expression vector then can effectively expressed, the expressed protein was insoluble inclusion body, accounting for more than 70% of total insoluble protein, after purification, KISS-1 may formed into polymeric structures.
    Pilot Preparation and Optical Properties of Highly Purified Phycoerythrin from Porphyra yezoensis
    Guo Ziye, Cai Chuner, Li Chunxia, Geng Zhonglei, Jia Rui, He Peimin,
    2013, 0(3):  192-198. 
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    Pilot preparation were tried to obtain highly purified phycoerythrin(PE)in abundance from P. yezoensis in Lvsi city, Jiangsu Province and to study its optical properties. 2 kg freeze-dried P. yezoensis thallus was broken using “swelling & smash” method. Further purification was performed by means of ammonium sulphate co-precipitation(ASCP)and hydroxyapatite(HA)column chromatogram and the purity of PE achieved 1.67(A565/A280), corresponding to yield of 0.184%, The purity of PE could be improved beyond 4.5 with a yield of 0.109% if HAP chromatography repeated. PE was validated by absorption/fluorescence spectra and SDS-PAGE/Native-PAGE stained with coomassie brilliant blue/zinc acetate for its purity. Molar extinction coefficient(MEC)of PE were 1.79mL/(mg?cm)and 1.73 mL/(mg?cm) determined by folin-phenol method and Bradford method, respectively. Fluorescence quantum yield of PE was 0.90 at 505 nm wavelength at 20℃ . The PE effect of photo bleaching was the most significant under irradiating of laser among daylight lamp, light emitting diode(LED), iodine-tungsten lamp and laser. For example, the photo bleaching rate of 240 μg/mL PE after 10 minutes’ irradiating under laser was close to the value using iodine-tungsten lamp of 240 minutes’ irradiating.